Cargando…

Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain rad...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Huang, Andrew Jonathan, Kornguth, David, Kornguth, Steven
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6562497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31035608
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9050097
_version_ 1783426314359799808
author Huang, Andrew Jonathan
Kornguth, David
Kornguth, Steven
author_facet Huang, Andrew Jonathan
Kornguth, David
Kornguth, Steven
author_sort Huang, Andrew Jonathan
collection PubMed
description Traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain radiation treatment for cancer and chemotherapy for disseminated tumors. The biological mechanisms involved in the initiation of TBI from impact, radiation, and chemotherapy to loss of cognitive function have several shared characteristics including increases in blood brain barrier permeability, blood vessel density, increases in inflammatory and autoimmune responses, alterations in NMDA and glutamate receptor levels and release of proteins normally sequestered in the brain into the blood and spinal fluid. The development of therapeutic agents that mitigate the loss of cognition and development of behavioral disorders in patients experiencing radiation-induced injury may provide benefit to those with TBI when similar processes are involved on a cellular or molecular level. Increased collaborative efforts between the radiation oncology and the neurology and psychiatry communities may be of major benefit for the management of brain injury from varied environmental insults.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6562497
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-65624972019-06-17 Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury Huang, Andrew Jonathan Kornguth, David Kornguth, Steven Brain Sci Perspective Traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain radiation treatment for cancer and chemotherapy for disseminated tumors. The biological mechanisms involved in the initiation of TBI from impact, radiation, and chemotherapy to loss of cognitive function have several shared characteristics including increases in blood brain barrier permeability, blood vessel density, increases in inflammatory and autoimmune responses, alterations in NMDA and glutamate receptor levels and release of proteins normally sequestered in the brain into the blood and spinal fluid. The development of therapeutic agents that mitigate the loss of cognition and development of behavioral disorders in patients experiencing radiation-induced injury may provide benefit to those with TBI when similar processes are involved on a cellular or molecular level. Increased collaborative efforts between the radiation oncology and the neurology and psychiatry communities may be of major benefit for the management of brain injury from varied environmental insults. MDPI 2019-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6562497/ /pubmed/31035608 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9050097 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Perspective
Huang, Andrew Jonathan
Kornguth, David
Kornguth, Steven
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title_full Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title_fullStr Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title_full_unstemmed Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title_short Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
title_sort cognitive decline secondary to therapeutic brain radiation—similarities and differences to traumatic brain injury
topic Perspective
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6562497/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31035608
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9050097
work_keys_str_mv AT huangandrewjonathan cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury
AT kornguthdavid cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury
AT kornguthsteven cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury