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The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer

Far beyond simply being 11 of the 20 amino acids needed for protein synthesis, non-essential amino acids play numerous important roles in tumor metabolism. These diverse functions include providing precursors for the biosynthesis of macromolecules, controlling redox status and antioxidant systems, a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Choi, Bo-Hyun, Coloff, Jonathan L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6562791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31096630
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11050675
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author Choi, Bo-Hyun
Coloff, Jonathan L.
author_facet Choi, Bo-Hyun
Coloff, Jonathan L.
author_sort Choi, Bo-Hyun
collection PubMed
description Far beyond simply being 11 of the 20 amino acids needed for protein synthesis, non-essential amino acids play numerous important roles in tumor metabolism. These diverse functions include providing precursors for the biosynthesis of macromolecules, controlling redox status and antioxidant systems, and serving as substrates for post-translational and epigenetic modifications. This functional diversity has sparked great interest in targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy and has motivated the development of several therapies that are either already used in the clinic or are currently in clinical trials. In this review, we will discuss the important roles that each of the 11 non-essential amino acids play in cancer, how their metabolic pathways are linked, and how researchers are working to overcome the unique challenges of targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy.
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spelling pubmed-65627912019-06-17 The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer Choi, Bo-Hyun Coloff, Jonathan L. Cancers (Basel) Review Far beyond simply being 11 of the 20 amino acids needed for protein synthesis, non-essential amino acids play numerous important roles in tumor metabolism. These diverse functions include providing precursors for the biosynthesis of macromolecules, controlling redox status and antioxidant systems, and serving as substrates for post-translational and epigenetic modifications. This functional diversity has sparked great interest in targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy and has motivated the development of several therapies that are either already used in the clinic or are currently in clinical trials. In this review, we will discuss the important roles that each of the 11 non-essential amino acids play in cancer, how their metabolic pathways are linked, and how researchers are working to overcome the unique challenges of targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy. MDPI 2019-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6562791/ /pubmed/31096630 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11050675 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Choi, Bo-Hyun
Coloff, Jonathan L.
The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title_full The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title_fullStr The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title_full_unstemmed The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title_short The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer
title_sort diverse functions of non-essential amino acids in cancer
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6562791/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31096630
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11050675
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