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Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies
Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major problem in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant diseases or immunosuppression therapies. It has been thought that a reduction in the immune responses might result in the reactivation of HBV replication from covalently closed circular DNA (c...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6563158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31109119 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11050457 |
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author | Inoue, Jun Nakamura, Takuya Masamune, Atsushi |
author_facet | Inoue, Jun Nakamura, Takuya Masamune, Atsushi |
author_sort | Inoue, Jun |
collection | PubMed |
description | Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major problem in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant diseases or immunosuppression therapies. It has been thought that a reduction in the immune responses might result in the reactivation of HBV replication from covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) residing in hepatocytes. However, not only the host’s immune status, but also viral mutations have been reported to be associated with reactivation. Especially, several case reports about amino acid mutations in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that escape from immune reactions have been reported, and recent reports showed that the frequencies of such mutations are higher than previously expected. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of viral mutations, including immune escape mutations in HBV-reactivated patients, and discuss their significance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6563158 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65631582019-06-17 Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies Inoue, Jun Nakamura, Takuya Masamune, Atsushi Viruses Review Reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major problem in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant diseases or immunosuppression therapies. It has been thought that a reduction in the immune responses might result in the reactivation of HBV replication from covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) residing in hepatocytes. However, not only the host’s immune status, but also viral mutations have been reported to be associated with reactivation. Especially, several case reports about amino acid mutations in hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) that escape from immune reactions have been reported, and recent reports showed that the frequencies of such mutations are higher than previously expected. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of viral mutations, including immune escape mutations in HBV-reactivated patients, and discuss their significance. MDPI 2019-05-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6563158/ /pubmed/31109119 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11050457 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Inoue, Jun Nakamura, Takuya Masamune, Atsushi Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title | Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title_full | Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title_fullStr | Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title_full_unstemmed | Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title_short | Roles of Hepatitis B Virus Mutations in the Viral Reactivation after Immunosuppression Therapies |
title_sort | roles of hepatitis b virus mutations in the viral reactivation after immunosuppression therapies |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6563158/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31109119 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11050457 |
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