Cargando…

Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus

Neural inhibition plays a key role in determining the specific computational tasks of different brain circuitries. This functional “braking” activity is provided by inhibitory interneurons that use different neurochemicals for signaling. One of these substances, somatostatin, is found in several neu...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Cammalleri, Maurizio, Bagnoli, Paola, Bigiani, Albertino
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31117258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102506
_version_ 1783426784897794048
author Cammalleri, Maurizio
Bagnoli, Paola
Bigiani, Albertino
author_facet Cammalleri, Maurizio
Bagnoli, Paola
Bigiani, Albertino
author_sort Cammalleri, Maurizio
collection PubMed
description Neural inhibition plays a key role in determining the specific computational tasks of different brain circuitries. This functional “braking” activity is provided by inhibitory interneurons that use different neurochemicals for signaling. One of these substances, somatostatin, is found in several neural networks, raising questions about the significance of its widespread occurrence and usage. Here, we address this issue by analyzing the somatostatinergic system in two regions of the central nervous system: the retina and the hippocampus. By comparing the available information on these structures, we identify common motifs in the action of somatostatin that may explain its involvement in such diverse circuitries. The emerging concept is that somatostatin-based signaling, through conserved molecular and cellular mechanisms, allows neural networks to operate correctly.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-6566141
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2019
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-65661412019-06-17 Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus Cammalleri, Maurizio Bagnoli, Paola Bigiani, Albertino Int J Mol Sci Review Neural inhibition plays a key role in determining the specific computational tasks of different brain circuitries. This functional “braking” activity is provided by inhibitory interneurons that use different neurochemicals for signaling. One of these substances, somatostatin, is found in several neural networks, raising questions about the significance of its widespread occurrence and usage. Here, we address this issue by analyzing the somatostatinergic system in two regions of the central nervous system: the retina and the hippocampus. By comparing the available information on these structures, we identify common motifs in the action of somatostatin that may explain its involvement in such diverse circuitries. The emerging concept is that somatostatin-based signaling, through conserved molecular and cellular mechanisms, allows neural networks to operate correctly. MDPI 2019-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6566141/ /pubmed/31117258 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102506 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Cammalleri, Maurizio
Bagnoli, Paola
Bigiani, Albertino
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title_full Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title_fullStr Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title_full_unstemmed Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title_short Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Underlying Somatostatin-Based Signaling in Two Model Neural Networks, the Retina and the Hippocampus
title_sort molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying somatostatin-based signaling in two model neural networks, the retina and the hippocampus
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566141/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31117258
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102506
work_keys_str_mv AT cammallerimaurizio molecularandcellularmechanismsunderlyingsomatostatinbasedsignalingintwomodelneuralnetworkstheretinaandthehippocampus
AT bagnolipaola molecularandcellularmechanismsunderlyingsomatostatinbasedsignalingintwomodelneuralnetworkstheretinaandthehippocampus
AT bigianialbertino molecularandcellularmechanismsunderlyingsomatostatinbasedsignalingintwomodelneuralnetworkstheretinaandthehippocampus