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Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
MicroRNA396 (miR396) is a conserved microRNA family that targets growth-regulating factors (GRFs), which play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. Available evidence justifies the idea that miR396-targeted GRFs have important functions in many plant species; however, no genome-wid...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566180/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31117184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102501 |
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author | Li, A-Li Wen, Zhuang Yang, Kun Wen, Xiao-Peng |
author_facet | Li, A-Li Wen, Zhuang Yang, Kun Wen, Xiao-Peng |
author_sort | Li, A-Li |
collection | PubMed |
description | MicroRNA396 (miR396) is a conserved microRNA family that targets growth-regulating factors (GRFs), which play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. Available evidence justifies the idea that miR396-targeted GRFs have important functions in many plant species; however, no genome-wide analysis of the pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) miR396 gene has yet been reported. Further, its biological functions remain elusive. To uncover the regulatory roles of miR396 and its targets, the hairpin sequence of pitaya miR396b and the open reading frame (ORF) of its target, HpGRF6, were isolated from pitaya. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the precursor miR396b (MIR396b) gene of plants might be clustered into three major groups, and, generally, a more recent evolutionary relationship in the intra-family has been demonstrated. The sequence analysis indicated that the binding site of hpo-miR396b in HpGRF6 is located at the conserved motif which codes the conserved “RSRKPVE” amino acid in the Trp–Arg–Cys (WRC) region. In addition, degradome sequencing analysis confirmed that four GRFs (GRF1, c56908.graph_c0; GRF4, c52862.graph_c0; GRF6, c39378.graph_c0 and GRF9, c54658.graph_c0) are hpo-miR396b targets that are regulated by specific cleavage at the binding site between the 10th and 11th nucleotides from the 5′ terminus of hpo-miR396b. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that hpo-miR396b is down-regulated when confronted with drought stress (15% polyethylene glycol, PEG), and its expression fluctuates under other abiotic stresses, i.e., low temperature (4 ± 1 °C), high temperature (42 ± 1 °C), NaCl (100 mM), and abscisic acid (ABA; 0.38 mM). Conversely, the expression of HpGRF6 showed the opposite trend to exposure to these abiotic stresses. Taken together, hpo-miR396b plays a regulatory role in the control of HpGRF6, which might influence the abiotic stress response of pitaya. This is the first documentation of this role in pitaya and improves the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance to drought stress in this fruit. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6566180 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65661802019-06-17 Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Li, A-Li Wen, Zhuang Yang, Kun Wen, Xiao-Peng Int J Mol Sci Article MicroRNA396 (miR396) is a conserved microRNA family that targets growth-regulating factors (GRFs), which play significant roles in plant growth and stress responses. Available evidence justifies the idea that miR396-targeted GRFs have important functions in many plant species; however, no genome-wide analysis of the pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) miR396 gene has yet been reported. Further, its biological functions remain elusive. To uncover the regulatory roles of miR396 and its targets, the hairpin sequence of pitaya miR396b and the open reading frame (ORF) of its target, HpGRF6, were isolated from pitaya. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the precursor miR396b (MIR396b) gene of plants might be clustered into three major groups, and, generally, a more recent evolutionary relationship in the intra-family has been demonstrated. The sequence analysis indicated that the binding site of hpo-miR396b in HpGRF6 is located at the conserved motif which codes the conserved “RSRKPVE” amino acid in the Trp–Arg–Cys (WRC) region. In addition, degradome sequencing analysis confirmed that four GRFs (GRF1, c56908.graph_c0; GRF4, c52862.graph_c0; GRF6, c39378.graph_c0 and GRF9, c54658.graph_c0) are hpo-miR396b targets that are regulated by specific cleavage at the binding site between the 10th and 11th nucleotides from the 5′ terminus of hpo-miR396b. Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that hpo-miR396b is down-regulated when confronted with drought stress (15% polyethylene glycol, PEG), and its expression fluctuates under other abiotic stresses, i.e., low temperature (4 ± 1 °C), high temperature (42 ± 1 °C), NaCl (100 mM), and abscisic acid (ABA; 0.38 mM). Conversely, the expression of HpGRF6 showed the opposite trend to exposure to these abiotic stresses. Taken together, hpo-miR396b plays a regulatory role in the control of HpGRF6, which might influence the abiotic stress response of pitaya. This is the first documentation of this role in pitaya and improves the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance to drought stress in this fruit. MDPI 2019-05-21 /pmc/articles/PMC6566180/ /pubmed/31117184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102501 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, A-Li Wen, Zhuang Yang, Kun Wen, Xiao-Peng Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title | Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title_full | Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title_fullStr | Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title_full_unstemmed | Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title_short | Conserved miR396b-GRF Regulation Is Involved in Abiotic Stress Responses in Pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) |
title_sort | conserved mir396b-grf regulation is involved in abiotic stress responses in pitaya (hylocereus polyrhizus) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566180/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31117184 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20102501 |
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