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Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study
While observational studies show an association between 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, intervention studies, which examine the preventive effects of vitamin D supplementation on the development of depression, are lacking. To estimate the role of lowered 25(OH)vitamin D conce...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31100827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051085 |
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author | Libuda, Lars Laabs, Björn-Hergen Ludwig, Christine Bühlmeier, Judith Antel, Jochen Hinney, Anke Naaresh, Roaa Föcker, Manuel Hebebrand, Johannes König, Inke R. Peters, Triinu |
author_facet | Libuda, Lars Laabs, Björn-Hergen Ludwig, Christine Bühlmeier, Judith Antel, Jochen Hinney, Anke Naaresh, Roaa Föcker, Manuel Hebebrand, Johannes König, Inke R. Peters, Triinu |
author_sort | Libuda, Lars |
collection | PubMed |
description | While observational studies show an association between 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, intervention studies, which examine the preventive effects of vitamin D supplementation on the development of depression, are lacking. To estimate the role of lowered 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations in the etiology of depressive disorders, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study on depression, i.e., “depressive symptoms” (DS, n = 161,460) and “broad depression” (BD, n = 113,769 cases and 208,811 controls). Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were genome-wide significantly associated with 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations in 79,366 subjects from the SUNLIGHT genome-wide association study (GWAS), were used as an instrumental variable. None of the six SNPs was associated with DS or BD (all p > 0.05). MR analysis revealed no causal effects of 25(OH)vitamin D concentration, either on DS (inverse variance weighted (IVW); b = 0.025, SE = 0.038, p = 0.52) or on BD (IVW; b = 0.020, SE = 0.012, p = 0.10). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations were not significantly associated with DS or BD. The findings from this MR study indicate no causal relationship between vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, or broad depression. Conflicting findings from observational studies might have resulted from residual confounding or reverse causation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6566390 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65663902019-06-17 Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study Libuda, Lars Laabs, Björn-Hergen Ludwig, Christine Bühlmeier, Judith Antel, Jochen Hinney, Anke Naaresh, Roaa Föcker, Manuel Hebebrand, Johannes König, Inke R. Peters, Triinu Nutrients Article While observational studies show an association between 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, intervention studies, which examine the preventive effects of vitamin D supplementation on the development of depression, are lacking. To estimate the role of lowered 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations in the etiology of depressive disorders, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study on depression, i.e., “depressive symptoms” (DS, n = 161,460) and “broad depression” (BD, n = 113,769 cases and 208,811 controls). Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were genome-wide significantly associated with 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations in 79,366 subjects from the SUNLIGHT genome-wide association study (GWAS), were used as an instrumental variable. None of the six SNPs was associated with DS or BD (all p > 0.05). MR analysis revealed no causal effects of 25(OH)vitamin D concentration, either on DS (inverse variance weighted (IVW); b = 0.025, SE = 0.038, p = 0.52) or on BD (IVW; b = 0.020, SE = 0.012, p = 0.10). Sensitivity analyses confirmed that 25(OH)vitamin D concentrations were not significantly associated with DS or BD. The findings from this MR study indicate no causal relationship between vitamin D concentrations and depressive symptoms, or broad depression. Conflicting findings from observational studies might have resulted from residual confounding or reverse causation. MDPI 2019-05-16 /pmc/articles/PMC6566390/ /pubmed/31100827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051085 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Libuda, Lars Laabs, Björn-Hergen Ludwig, Christine Bühlmeier, Judith Antel, Jochen Hinney, Anke Naaresh, Roaa Föcker, Manuel Hebebrand, Johannes König, Inke R. Peters, Triinu Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title | Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full | Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_fullStr | Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_short | Vitamin D and the Risk of Depression: A Causal Relationship? Findings from a Mendelian Randomization Study |
title_sort | vitamin d and the risk of depression: a causal relationship? findings from a mendelian randomization study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31100827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051085 |
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