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Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), an important public health problem that affects mothers and offspring, is a common metabolic disorder. We evaluated the effect of the pre-pregnancy Mediterranean diet (MD) level of exposure on the odds of GDM development. A case-control study (291 GDM cases and 1...

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Autores principales: Olmedo-Requena, Rocío, Gómez-Fernández, Julia, Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen, Mozas-Moreno, Juan, Khan, Khalid S., Jiménez-Moleón, José J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31052474
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051003
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author Olmedo-Requena, Rocío
Gómez-Fernández, Julia
Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen
Mozas-Moreno, Juan
Khan, Khalid S.
Jiménez-Moleón, José J.
author_facet Olmedo-Requena, Rocío
Gómez-Fernández, Julia
Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen
Mozas-Moreno, Juan
Khan, Khalid S.
Jiménez-Moleón, José J.
author_sort Olmedo-Requena, Rocío
collection PubMed
description Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), an important public health problem that affects mothers and offspring, is a common metabolic disorder. We evaluated the effect of the pre-pregnancy Mediterranean diet (MD) level of exposure on the odds of GDM development. A case-control study (291 GDM cases and 1175 controls without GDM) was conducted in pregnant women. Pre-pregnancy dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire to calculate an MD adherence index (range score 0–9: low ≤ 2; middle 3–4; high 5–6; very high ≥ 7). Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models including age, BMI, family history of diabetes mellitus, previous GDM, miscarriages, and gravidity. Overall, middle-high MD adherence was 216/291 (74.2%) and very high adherence was 17/291 (5.8%) in cases. In controls the corresponding figures were 900/1175 (76.6%) and 73/1175 (6.2%), respectively. Compared to low adherence, high MD adherence was associated with GDM reduction (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39,0.94; p = 0.028), and very high MD adherence was even more strongly associated (aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.15, 0.72; p = 0.005). The protective effect of adherence to the MD prior to pregnancy should be considered as a preventive tool against the development of GDM.
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spelling pubmed-65668922019-06-17 Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study Olmedo-Requena, Rocío Gómez-Fernández, Julia Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen Mozas-Moreno, Juan Khan, Khalid S. Jiménez-Moleón, José J. Nutrients Article Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), an important public health problem that affects mothers and offspring, is a common metabolic disorder. We evaluated the effect of the pre-pregnancy Mediterranean diet (MD) level of exposure on the odds of GDM development. A case-control study (291 GDM cases and 1175 controls without GDM) was conducted in pregnant women. Pre-pregnancy dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire to calculate an MD adherence index (range score 0–9: low ≤ 2; middle 3–4; high 5–6; very high ≥ 7). Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models including age, BMI, family history of diabetes mellitus, previous GDM, miscarriages, and gravidity. Overall, middle-high MD adherence was 216/291 (74.2%) and very high adherence was 17/291 (5.8%) in cases. In controls the corresponding figures were 900/1175 (76.6%) and 73/1175 (6.2%), respectively. Compared to low adherence, high MD adherence was associated with GDM reduction (aOR 0.61, 95% CI 0.39,0.94; p = 0.028), and very high MD adherence was even more strongly associated (aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.15, 0.72; p = 0.005). The protective effect of adherence to the MD prior to pregnancy should be considered as a preventive tool against the development of GDM. MDPI 2019-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6566892/ /pubmed/31052474 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051003 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Olmedo-Requena, Rocío
Gómez-Fernández, Julia
Amezcua-Prieto, Carmen
Mozas-Moreno, Juan
Khan, Khalid S.
Jiménez-Moleón, José J.
Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title_full Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title_fullStr Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title_full_unstemmed Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title_short Pre-Pregnancy Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
title_sort pre-pregnancy adherence to the mediterranean diet and gestational diabetes mellitus: a case-control study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6566892/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31052474
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11051003
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