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Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging

BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to neurotoxicants on the risk of dementia. Exposure to known neurotoxicants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides is suspected to have adverse cognitive effects in older populations. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether plasma...

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Autores principales: Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc, Ayotte, Pierre, Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues, Kröger, Edeltraut, Verreault, René, Lindsay, Joan, Dewailly, Éric, Tyas, Suzanne L., Bureau, Alexandre, Laurin, Danielle
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6570931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31200706
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-019-0494-2
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author Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc
Ayotte, Pierre
Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues
Kröger, Edeltraut
Verreault, René
Lindsay, Joan
Dewailly, Éric
Tyas, Suzanne L.
Bureau, Alexandre
Laurin, Danielle
author_facet Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc
Ayotte, Pierre
Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues
Kröger, Edeltraut
Verreault, René
Lindsay, Joan
Dewailly, Éric
Tyas, Suzanne L.
Bureau, Alexandre
Laurin, Danielle
author_sort Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to neurotoxicants on the risk of dementia. Exposure to known neurotoxicants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides is suspected to have adverse cognitive effects in older populations. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether plasma concentrations of PCBs and OC pesticides are associated with the risk of cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and of all-cause dementia in the Canadian older population. METHODS: Analyses were based on data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, a 3-phase, 10-year population-based study of individuals aged 65+ years. Analyses included 669 clinically assessed subjects, of which 156 developed dementia including 108 incident cases of AD. Subjects were screened at each phase with the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS), a measurement of global cognitive function. Statistical analyses included Cox proportional hazards model when the outcome was dementia or AD, and a repeated-measure mixed model when the outcome was the 3MS score. RESULTS: No association of PCB and OC pesticides with the risk of dementia and AD was observed. Elevated concentrations of PCB congeners nos 118, 153, 156, 163, and OC pesticides 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p’-DDT) and its metabolite 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p’-DDE) were significantly associated with cognitive decline as assessed with the 3MS. A posteriori analyses suggested that only p,p’-DDE was significantly related to a higher cognitive decline in time based on the 3MS among incident cases of dementia compared to subjects remaining nondemented. CONCLUSION: PCB and OC pesticide plasma concentrations were not related to the incident diagnosis of neither dementia, nor AD. Using the 3MS scores as the outcome, higher concentrations of four PCB congeners and two OC pesticides were associated with lower cognitive performances in subjects. The association of p,p’-DDE with cognitive decline in time in incident cases of dementia merits further investigation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-019-0494-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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spelling pubmed-65709312019-06-20 Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc Ayotte, Pierre Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues Kröger, Edeltraut Verreault, René Lindsay, Joan Dewailly, Éric Tyas, Suzanne L. Bureau, Alexandre Laurin, Danielle Environ Health Research BACKGROUND: Little attention has been paid to neurotoxicants on the risk of dementia. Exposure to known neurotoxicants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides is suspected to have adverse cognitive effects in older populations. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether plasma concentrations of PCBs and OC pesticides are associated with the risk of cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and of all-cause dementia in the Canadian older population. METHODS: Analyses were based on data from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, a 3-phase, 10-year population-based study of individuals aged 65+ years. Analyses included 669 clinically assessed subjects, of which 156 developed dementia including 108 incident cases of AD. Subjects were screened at each phase with the 100-point Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS), a measurement of global cognitive function. Statistical analyses included Cox proportional hazards model when the outcome was dementia or AD, and a repeated-measure mixed model when the outcome was the 3MS score. RESULTS: No association of PCB and OC pesticides with the risk of dementia and AD was observed. Elevated concentrations of PCB congeners nos 118, 153, 156, 163, and OC pesticides 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p’-DDT) and its metabolite 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p’-DDE) were significantly associated with cognitive decline as assessed with the 3MS. A posteriori analyses suggested that only p,p’-DDE was significantly related to a higher cognitive decline in time based on the 3MS among incident cases of dementia compared to subjects remaining nondemented. CONCLUSION: PCB and OC pesticide plasma concentrations were not related to the incident diagnosis of neither dementia, nor AD. Using the 3MS scores as the outcome, higher concentrations of four PCB congeners and two OC pesticides were associated with lower cognitive performances in subjects. The association of p,p’-DDE with cognitive decline in time in incident cases of dementia merits further investigation. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12940-019-0494-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. BioMed Central 2019-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6570931/ /pubmed/31200706 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-019-0494-2 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research
Medehouenou, Thierry Comlan Marc
Ayotte, Pierre
Carmichael, Pierre-Hugues
Kröger, Edeltraut
Verreault, René
Lindsay, Joan
Dewailly, Éric
Tyas, Suzanne L.
Bureau, Alexandre
Laurin, Danielle
Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title_full Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title_fullStr Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title_full_unstemmed Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title_short Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging
title_sort exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides and risk of dementia, alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline in an older population: a prospective analysis from the canadian study of health and aging
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6570931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31200706
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12940-019-0494-2
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