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Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016
OBJECTIVE: The association between early age at menarche and depression among adolescent girls and adult women has been examined in many studies. However, inconsistent results and limitations such as small sample size, low generalizability, and measurement error exist. We aimed to address these issu...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
PeerJ Inc.
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6571127/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31223544 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7150 |
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author | Shen, Yun Varma, Deepthi S. Zheng, Yi Boc, Jenny Hu, Hui |
author_facet | Shen, Yun Varma, Deepthi S. Zheng, Yi Boc, Jenny Hu, Hui |
author_sort | Shen, Yun |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The association between early age at menarche and depression among adolescent girls and adult women has been examined in many studies. However, inconsistent results and limitations such as small sample size, low generalizability, and measurement error exist. We aimed to address these issues to assess the association between age at menarche and depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of US women aged 18 years and older. METHODS: We used the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data with a total of 15,674 women aged 18 years and older included in our study. Logistic regression models were used after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors. RESULTS: The crude-adjusted model suggests that women with early age of menarche had 1.36 (95% CI [1.16–1.61]) times the odds of current depressive symptoms compared with the normal menarche group, after controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty income ratio (PIR) and marital status. In the fully-adjusted model, women with early menarche had 1.25 (95% CI [1.05–1.48]) times the odds of current depressive symptoms, after additionally adjusting for smoking status and body mass index (BMI). However, no significant difference was observed between the normal and late menarche groups. CONCLUSION: Further studies are warranted to determine the causal relationship and mechanisms between early menarche and increased risk of depression. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6571127 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65711272019-06-20 Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 Shen, Yun Varma, Deepthi S. Zheng, Yi Boc, Jenny Hu, Hui PeerJ Psychiatry and Psychology OBJECTIVE: The association between early age at menarche and depression among adolescent girls and adult women has been examined in many studies. However, inconsistent results and limitations such as small sample size, low generalizability, and measurement error exist. We aimed to address these issues to assess the association between age at menarche and depressive symptoms in a nationally representative sample of US women aged 18 years and older. METHODS: We used the 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data with a total of 15,674 women aged 18 years and older included in our study. Logistic regression models were used after adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related factors. RESULTS: The crude-adjusted model suggests that women with early age of menarche had 1.36 (95% CI [1.16–1.61]) times the odds of current depressive symptoms compared with the normal menarche group, after controlling for age, race/ethnicity, education, poverty income ratio (PIR) and marital status. In the fully-adjusted model, women with early menarche had 1.25 (95% CI [1.05–1.48]) times the odds of current depressive symptoms, after additionally adjusting for smoking status and body mass index (BMI). However, no significant difference was observed between the normal and late menarche groups. CONCLUSION: Further studies are warranted to determine the causal relationship and mechanisms between early menarche and increased risk of depression. PeerJ Inc. 2019-06-13 /pmc/articles/PMC6571127/ /pubmed/31223544 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7150 Text en ©2019 Shen et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited. |
spellingShingle | Psychiatry and Psychology Shen, Yun Varma, Deepthi S. Zheng, Yi Boc, Jenny Hu, Hui Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title | Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title_full | Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title_fullStr | Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title_full_unstemmed | Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title_short | Age at menarche and depression: results from the NHANES 2005–2016 |
title_sort | age at menarche and depression: results from the nhanes 2005–2016 |
topic | Psychiatry and Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6571127/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31223544 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7150 |
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