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Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy
OBJECTIVES: High levels of particulate pollution due to secondhand smoke (SHS) have previously been recorded in English prisons. As part of an evaluation to ascertain whether a new comprehensive smoke-free policy introduced in the first four prisons in England was successfully implemented, this stud...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BMJ Publishing Group
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6575713/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31201185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025782 |
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author | Jayes, Leah R Murray, Rachael L Opazo Breton, Magdalena Hill, Christopher Ratschen, Elena Britton, John |
author_facet | Jayes, Leah R Murray, Rachael L Opazo Breton, Magdalena Hill, Christopher Ratschen, Elena Britton, John |
author_sort | Jayes, Leah R |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: High levels of particulate pollution due to secondhand smoke (SHS) have previously been recorded in English prisons. As part of an evaluation to ascertain whether a new comprehensive smoke-free policy introduced in the first four prisons in England was successfully implemented, this study compares indoor air quality on prison wing landing locations three months before and three months after going smoke-free. DESIGN: An indoor air quality monitoring study, comparing SHS levels before and after a comprehensive smoke-free prison policy. SETTING: The first four prisons in England to implement a comprehensive smoke-free policy. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MEASURES: We compared concentrations of airborne particulate matter <2.5 microns in diameter (PM₂.₅), as a marker for SHS, on wing landing locations three months before and three months after the smoke-free policy was implemented. Static battery operated aerosol monitors were used to sample concentrations of PM₂.₅ on wing landings. RESULTS: After discarding data from monitors that had been tampered with we were able to analyse paired data across four prisons from 74 locations, across 29 wing landing locations, for an average sampling time of five hours and eight minutes. When comparing samples taken three months before with the paired samples taken three months after policy implementation (paired for prison, day of the week, time of day, wing location and position of monitor), there was a 66% reduction in mean PM₂.₅ concentrations across the four prisons sampled, from 39 to 13 µg/m³ (difference 26 µg/m³, 95% CI 25 to 26 µg/m³). CONCLUSION: Prison smoke-free policies achieve significant improvements in indoor air quality. A national smoke-free policy would therefore be an effective means of protecting prisoners and staff from harm due to SHS exposure in the prison environment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6575713 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65757132019-07-02 Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy Jayes, Leah R Murray, Rachael L Opazo Breton, Magdalena Hill, Christopher Ratschen, Elena Britton, John BMJ Open Smoking and Tobacco OBJECTIVES: High levels of particulate pollution due to secondhand smoke (SHS) have previously been recorded in English prisons. As part of an evaluation to ascertain whether a new comprehensive smoke-free policy introduced in the first four prisons in England was successfully implemented, this study compares indoor air quality on prison wing landing locations three months before and three months after going smoke-free. DESIGN: An indoor air quality monitoring study, comparing SHS levels before and after a comprehensive smoke-free prison policy. SETTING: The first four prisons in England to implement a comprehensive smoke-free policy. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MEASURES: We compared concentrations of airborne particulate matter <2.5 microns in diameter (PM₂.₅), as a marker for SHS, on wing landing locations three months before and three months after the smoke-free policy was implemented. Static battery operated aerosol monitors were used to sample concentrations of PM₂.₅ on wing landings. RESULTS: After discarding data from monitors that had been tampered with we were able to analyse paired data across four prisons from 74 locations, across 29 wing landing locations, for an average sampling time of five hours and eight minutes. When comparing samples taken three months before with the paired samples taken three months after policy implementation (paired for prison, day of the week, time of day, wing location and position of monitor), there was a 66% reduction in mean PM₂.₅ concentrations across the four prisons sampled, from 39 to 13 µg/m³ (difference 26 µg/m³, 95% CI 25 to 26 µg/m³). CONCLUSION: Prison smoke-free policies achieve significant improvements in indoor air quality. A national smoke-free policy would therefore be an effective means of protecting prisoners and staff from harm due to SHS exposure in the prison environment. BMJ Publishing Group 2019-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6575713/ /pubmed/31201185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025782 Text en © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Smoking and Tobacco Jayes, Leah R Murray, Rachael L Opazo Breton, Magdalena Hill, Christopher Ratschen, Elena Britton, John Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title | Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title_full | Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title_fullStr | Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title_full_unstemmed | Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title_short | Smoke-free prisons in England: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
title_sort | smoke-free prisons in england: indoor air quality before and after implementation of a comprehensive smoke-free policy |
topic | Smoking and Tobacco |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6575713/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31201185 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025782 |
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