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Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets

The role of platelets has been extensively studied in the context of coagulation and vascular integrity. Their hemostatic imbalance can lead to known conditions as atherosclerotic plaques, thrombosis, and ischemia. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding the regulation of different cell types by plate...

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Autores principales: Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim, Migliari Branco, Laura, Franklin, Bernardo S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31244858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01320
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author Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim
Migliari Branco, Laura
Franklin, Bernardo S.
author_facet Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim
Migliari Branco, Laura
Franklin, Bernardo S.
author_sort Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim
collection PubMed
description The role of platelets has been extensively studied in the context of coagulation and vascular integrity. Their hemostatic imbalance can lead to known conditions as atherosclerotic plaques, thrombosis, and ischemia. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding the regulation of different cell types by platelets has been growing exponentially in the past years. Among these biological systems, the innate immune response is remarkably affected by the crosstalk with platelets. This interaction can come from the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates, signaling by direct contact between membrane surface molecules or by the stimulation of immune cells by soluble factors and active microparticles secreted by platelets. These ubiquitous blood components are able to sense and react to danger signals, guiding leukocytes to an injury site and providing a scaffold for the formation of extracellular traps for efficient microbial killing and clearance. Using several different mechanisms, platelets have an important task as they regulate the release of different cytokines and chemokines upon sterile or infectious damage, the expression of cell markers and regulation of cell death and survival. Therefore, platelets are more than clotting agents, but critical players within the fine inflammatory equilibrium for the host. In this review, we present pointers to a better understanding about how platelets control and modulate innate immune cells, as well as a summary of the outcome of this interaction, providing an important step for therapeutic opportunities and guidance for future research on infectious and autoimmune diseases.
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spelling pubmed-65798612019-06-26 Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim Migliari Branco, Laura Franklin, Bernardo S. Front Immunol Immunology The role of platelets has been extensively studied in the context of coagulation and vascular integrity. Their hemostatic imbalance can lead to known conditions as atherosclerotic plaques, thrombosis, and ischemia. Nevertheless, the knowledge regarding the regulation of different cell types by platelets has been growing exponentially in the past years. Among these biological systems, the innate immune response is remarkably affected by the crosstalk with platelets. This interaction can come from the formation of platelet-leukocyte aggregates, signaling by direct contact between membrane surface molecules or by the stimulation of immune cells by soluble factors and active microparticles secreted by platelets. These ubiquitous blood components are able to sense and react to danger signals, guiding leukocytes to an injury site and providing a scaffold for the formation of extracellular traps for efficient microbial killing and clearance. Using several different mechanisms, platelets have an important task as they regulate the release of different cytokines and chemokines upon sterile or infectious damage, the expression of cell markers and regulation of cell death and survival. Therefore, platelets are more than clotting agents, but critical players within the fine inflammatory equilibrium for the host. In this review, we present pointers to a better understanding about how platelets control and modulate innate immune cells, as well as a summary of the outcome of this interaction, providing an important step for therapeutic opportunities and guidance for future research on infectious and autoimmune diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6579861/ /pubmed/31244858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01320 Text en Copyright © 2019 Ribeiro, Migliari Branco and Franklin. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Ribeiro, Lucas Secchim
Migliari Branco, Laura
Franklin, Bernardo S.
Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title_full Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title_fullStr Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title_full_unstemmed Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title_short Regulation of Innate Immune Responses by Platelets
title_sort regulation of innate immune responses by platelets
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579861/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31244858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01320
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