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Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway

Osteoblast apoptosis has been identified as an important event in the development of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Crocin, a bioactive ingredient of saffron, has been demonstrated to induce antiapoptotic effects on numerous types of cell in vitro; ho...

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Autores principales: Nie, Zhigang, Deng, Shuang, Zhang, Lei, Chen, Sen, Lu, Qiang, Peng, Hao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31115574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10267
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author Nie, Zhigang
Deng, Shuang
Zhang, Lei
Chen, Sen
Lu, Qiang
Peng, Hao
author_facet Nie, Zhigang
Deng, Shuang
Zhang, Lei
Chen, Sen
Lu, Qiang
Peng, Hao
author_sort Nie, Zhigang
collection PubMed
description Osteoblast apoptosis has been identified as an important event in the development of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Crocin, a bioactive ingredient of saffron, has been demonstrated to induce antiapoptotic effects on numerous types of cell in vitro; however, the effects of crocin on the dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts remain unclear. In the present study, the protective effects of crocin during Dex-induced apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, and the underlying mechanisms, were investigated. MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry assays were performed to evaluate the viability and apoptosis of cells, respectively. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca(2+) levels and apoptosis-associated protein expression were assessed via flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and western blotting. It was demonstrated that crocin pretreatment inhibited Dex-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Crocin reversed Dex-induced decreases in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and increases in ROS and intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Furthermore, crocin upregulated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt C), and downregulated those of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated X protein and cytoplasmic Cyt C. N-acetylcysteine, a ROS inhibitor, and 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, a calcium chelator, attenuated Dex-induced osteoblast apoptosis, whereas H(2)O(2) and ionomycin, a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels, reversed the antiapoptotic effects of crocin on Dex-treated osteoblasts. These results indicated that crocin may protect osteoblasts from Dex-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway, thus suggesting that crocin has potential value as a treatment for GC-induced bone diseases.
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spelling pubmed-65800042019-07-05 Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway Nie, Zhigang Deng, Shuang Zhang, Lei Chen, Sen Lu, Qiang Peng, Hao Mol Med Rep Articles Osteoblast apoptosis has been identified as an important event in the development of glucocorticoid (GC)-induced osteoporosis and osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Crocin, a bioactive ingredient of saffron, has been demonstrated to induce antiapoptotic effects on numerous types of cell in vitro; however, the effects of crocin on the dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts remain unclear. In the present study, the protective effects of crocin during Dex-induced apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, and the underlying mechanisms, were investigated. MTT and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry assays were performed to evaluate the viability and apoptosis of cells, respectively. The mitochondrial transmembrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular Ca(2+) levels and apoptosis-associated protein expression were assessed via flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy and western blotting. It was demonstrated that crocin pretreatment inhibited Dex-induced apoptosis of osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Crocin reversed Dex-induced decreases in the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, and increases in ROS and intracellular Ca(2+) levels. Furthermore, crocin upregulated the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and mitochondrial cytochrome c (Cyt C), and downregulated those of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2-associated X protein and cytoplasmic Cyt C. N-acetylcysteine, a ROS inhibitor, and 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid, a calcium chelator, attenuated Dex-induced osteoblast apoptosis, whereas H(2)O(2) and ionomycin, a calcium ionophore that increases intracellular calcium levels, reversed the antiapoptotic effects of crocin on Dex-treated osteoblasts. These results indicated that crocin may protect osteoblasts from Dex-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway, thus suggesting that crocin has potential value as a treatment for GC-induced bone diseases. D.A. Spandidos 2019-07 2019-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC6580004/ /pubmed/31115574 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10267 Text en Copyright: © Nie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Articles
Nie, Zhigang
Deng, Shuang
Zhang, Lei
Chen, Sen
Lu, Qiang
Peng, Hao
Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title_full Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title_fullStr Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title_full_unstemmed Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title_short Crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/Ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
title_sort crocin protects against dexamethasone-induced osteoblast apoptosis by inhibiting the ros/ca(2+)-mediated mitochondrial pathway
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6580004/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31115574
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10267
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