Foreign body reaction simulating mandibular osteosarcoma—Case report

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to report the case of a foreign body granuloma in a 34-year-old woman, presenting clinical and imaging characteristics, as well as to discuss the association of using alloplastic material for the lesion in question. PRESENTATION OF CASE: Female patient seeking dental care for a routine treatment. The panoramic radiograph showed the presence of asymptomatic, radiolucent, and multiloculated lesion between teeth 31 and 34. Among the hypotheses diagnosed, central giant cell granuloma and osteosarcoma were suggested. When questioned, the patient denied any health changes or recent local procedures. After performing a histopathological examination and insisting on anamnesis, the case was diagnosed more accurately as "foreign body reaction" and the adequate therapy was determined. DISCUSSION: The use of alloplastic material has been reported as an etiological factor of foreign body lesions, and dentists, either clinicians, radiologists or pathologists, should be aware of this because of the great increase of such procedures and the difficulties related to their diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The foreign body granuloma associated with silicone prosthesis, based on its clinical and imaging characteristics, may be mistaken for neoplastic processes.