Effect of autologous PRP on wound healing in dental regenerative surgeries and its correlation with PDGF levels

INTRODUCTION: Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the fraction of blood plasma, with increased concentration of platelets, from baseline serum level. Growth factors (GFs) in PRP expedite the soft tissue and bony healing. However, estimation of their levels and role in healing had not been studied extensively. This study gives an insight to the quantification of platelet-derived GF-BB (PDGF-BB) present in PRP and its correlation with the clinical wound healing and bone regeneration. AIMS: This study aims to quantify PDGF-BB levels in PRP with its subsequent correlation with healing in dental regenerative surgeries. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was an experimental study including patients undergoing various dental regenerative surgeries. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Autologous thrombin-activated PRP in the form of PRP gel was used in study group (n = 39) whereas no such intervention was given in control group (n = 30). PDGF-BB quantification was done in PRP samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinicoradiological evaluation of healing was done in both the groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Descriptive analysis, independent Z-test, Correlation regression analysis, and ANOVA. RESULTS: Mean platelet concentration achieved in PRP was 5.79 times the baseline count. Mean PDGF-BB concentration in PRP was 31.92 ± 10.47 ng/ml which significantly correlated (P < 0.05) with the PRP platelet count. Study group showed significant healing clinically (P < 0.05). Significant bone fill observed in study group at 3 and 6 months when compared to the baseline as well as control group. Furthermore, bone fill at 6 months showed linear correlation with PGDF-BB levels (r = 0. 80). CONCLUSIONS: PRP led to enhanced bone regeneration and soft-tissue healing with former being directly related to higher concentration of PDGF-BB.