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The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Horses have a strategic and vital role to play in the lives of the people of Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province. They act as social animals that are involved in death ceremonies, horse races, and during pasola, thereby supporting tourism, and are given away as dowry in wed...

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Autores principales: Nurcahyo, Wisnu, Yowi, Marlin R. K., Hartati, Sri, Prastowo, Joko
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Veterinary World 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6584862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31327899
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.646-652
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author Nurcahyo, Wisnu
Yowi, Marlin R. K.
Hartati, Sri
Prastowo, Joko
author_facet Nurcahyo, Wisnu
Yowi, Marlin R. K.
Hartati, Sri
Prastowo, Joko
author_sort Nurcahyo, Wisnu
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND AND AIM: Horses have a strategic and vital role to play in the lives of the people of Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province. They act as social animals that are involved in death ceremonies, horse races, and during pasola, thereby supporting tourism, and are given away as dowry in wedding ceremonies. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of trypanosomiasis among horses in four districts of Sumba Island by examining clinical symptoms and detecting parasites, antibodies, and other factors that are related to Trypanosoma evansi infection in horses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied a total of 211 horses that belonged to 88 clinical hobby breeders. Giemsa-colored smears and serum were examined in order to detect antibodies using card-agglutination tests (CATT). The study was conducted during the rainy season that lasted from January to March 2017. Potential risk factors such as the species, sex, origin of the livestock, how the livestock were maintained, and the farmers’ knowledge concerning trypanosomiasis were recorded using questionnaires. Data were collected annually for three years from 2010-2012 and repeatedly analyzed by a Chi-square test. RESULTS: Clinical signs of trypanosomiasis were found in 34 horses; blood smears were examined using Giemsa staining and negative preparations were obtained at a frequency of 0.0% (0/211). The CATT results generally showed that 13.3% (28/211) of the samples were seropositive for antibodies to T. evansi; the highest percentage, 16.67% (8/48), of seropositivity was found in the West Sumba District, and the lowest, 12.0% (5/50), was found in Southwest Sumba. The incidence of trypanosomiasis was higher (75% [21/28]) among female hip horses; horses with 1-5 years of experience were more susceptible to a T. evansi infection (46.4% [13/28]). In general, farmers on Sumba Island knew of trypanosomiasis (89.8% [79/88]), and 69.3% (61/88) of the farmers reported that their livestock was sick. This study was the first serological study conducted on trypanosomiasis in horses of Sumba Island after the surra outbreak in 2010-2012. There were 3% of farmers who were willing to provide the government with information on implementing a prevention program and controlling the spread of surra on the island. CONCLUSION: The diagnoses of surra disease were made based on clinical symptoms and parasitological examinations. CATTs could be used to diagnose T. evansi infection in horses.
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spelling pubmed-65848622019-07-19 The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests Nurcahyo, Wisnu Yowi, Marlin R. K. Hartati, Sri Prastowo, Joko Vet World Research Article BACKGROUND AND AIM: Horses have a strategic and vital role to play in the lives of the people of Sumba Island, East Nusa Tenggara Province. They act as social animals that are involved in death ceremonies, horse races, and during pasola, thereby supporting tourism, and are given away as dowry in wedding ceremonies. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of trypanosomiasis among horses in four districts of Sumba Island by examining clinical symptoms and detecting parasites, antibodies, and other factors that are related to Trypanosoma evansi infection in horses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied a total of 211 horses that belonged to 88 clinical hobby breeders. Giemsa-colored smears and serum were examined in order to detect antibodies using card-agglutination tests (CATT). The study was conducted during the rainy season that lasted from January to March 2017. Potential risk factors such as the species, sex, origin of the livestock, how the livestock were maintained, and the farmers’ knowledge concerning trypanosomiasis were recorded using questionnaires. Data were collected annually for three years from 2010-2012 and repeatedly analyzed by a Chi-square test. RESULTS: Clinical signs of trypanosomiasis were found in 34 horses; blood smears were examined using Giemsa staining and negative preparations were obtained at a frequency of 0.0% (0/211). The CATT results generally showed that 13.3% (28/211) of the samples were seropositive for antibodies to T. evansi; the highest percentage, 16.67% (8/48), of seropositivity was found in the West Sumba District, and the lowest, 12.0% (5/50), was found in Southwest Sumba. The incidence of trypanosomiasis was higher (75% [21/28]) among female hip horses; horses with 1-5 years of experience were more susceptible to a T. evansi infection (46.4% [13/28]). In general, farmers on Sumba Island knew of trypanosomiasis (89.8% [79/88]), and 69.3% (61/88) of the farmers reported that their livestock was sick. This study was the first serological study conducted on trypanosomiasis in horses of Sumba Island after the surra outbreak in 2010-2012. There were 3% of farmers who were willing to provide the government with information on implementing a prevention program and controlling the spread of surra on the island. CONCLUSION: The diagnoses of surra disease were made based on clinical symptoms and parasitological examinations. CATTs could be used to diagnose T. evansi infection in horses. Veterinary World 2019-05 2019-05-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6584862/ /pubmed/31327899 http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.646-652 Text en Copyright: © Nurcahyo, et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Research Article
Nurcahyo, Wisnu
Yowi, Marlin R. K.
Hartati, Sri
Prastowo, Joko
The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title_full The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title_fullStr The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title_full_unstemmed The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title_short The prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in Sumba Island, Indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
title_sort prevalence of horse trypanosomiasis in sumba island, indonesia and its detection using card agglutination tests
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6584862/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31327899
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.646-652
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