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Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy

Oncolytic virotherapy has currently emerged as a promising approach upon which scientists have been able to induce tumor-specific cell death in a broad spectrum of malignancies. Paramyxoviruses represent intrinsic oncolytic capability, which makes them excellent candidates to be widely used in oncol...

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Autores principales: Keshavarz, Mohsen, Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid, Miri, Seyed Mohammad, Ghaemi, Amir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6585078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31217023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12929-019-0542-9
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author Keshavarz, Mohsen
Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid
Miri, Seyed Mohammad
Ghaemi, Amir
author_facet Keshavarz, Mohsen
Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid
Miri, Seyed Mohammad
Ghaemi, Amir
author_sort Keshavarz, Mohsen
collection PubMed
description Oncolytic virotherapy has currently emerged as a promising approach upon which scientists have been able to induce tumor-specific cell death in a broad spectrum of malignancies. Paramyxoviruses represent intrinsic oncolytic capability, which makes them excellent candidates to be widely used in oncolytic virotherapy. The mechanisms through which these viruses destroy the cancerous cells involve triggering the autophagic machinery and apoptosis in target cells. Interestingly, oncolytic paramyxoviruses have been found to induce autophagy and lead to tumor cells death rather than their survival. Indeed, the induction of autophagy has been revealed to enhance the immunogenicity of tumor cells via the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the activation of autophagy-related immunogenic cell death (ICD). Subsequent cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) through the MHC-I complex to CD8+ T cells results in the productive priming of the tumor-specific immune response. In this review, we first briefly discuss autophagy and explain the process of viral xenophagy. Finally, we focus on the interactions between virus and autophagy proteins, elaborating on the global preclinical studies on oncolytic paramyxoviruses.
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spelling pubmed-65850782019-06-27 Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy Keshavarz, Mohsen Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid Miri, Seyed Mohammad Ghaemi, Amir J Biomed Sci Review Oncolytic virotherapy has currently emerged as a promising approach upon which scientists have been able to induce tumor-specific cell death in a broad spectrum of malignancies. Paramyxoviruses represent intrinsic oncolytic capability, which makes them excellent candidates to be widely used in oncolytic virotherapy. The mechanisms through which these viruses destroy the cancerous cells involve triggering the autophagic machinery and apoptosis in target cells. Interestingly, oncolytic paramyxoviruses have been found to induce autophagy and lead to tumor cells death rather than their survival. Indeed, the induction of autophagy has been revealed to enhance the immunogenicity of tumor cells via the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and the activation of autophagy-related immunogenic cell death (ICD). Subsequent cross-presentation of tumor-associated antigens (TAA) through the MHC-I complex to CD8+ T cells results in the productive priming of the tumor-specific immune response. In this review, we first briefly discuss autophagy and explain the process of viral xenophagy. Finally, we focus on the interactions between virus and autophagy proteins, elaborating on the global preclinical studies on oncolytic paramyxoviruses. BioMed Central 2019-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6585078/ /pubmed/31217023 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12929-019-0542-9 Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
spellingShingle Review
Keshavarz, Mohsen
Solaymani-Mohammadi, Farid
Miri, Seyed Mohammad
Ghaemi, Amir
Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title_full Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title_fullStr Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title_full_unstemmed Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title_short Oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
title_sort oncolytic paramyxoviruses-induced autophagy; a prudent weapon for cancer therapy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6585078/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31217023
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12929-019-0542-9
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