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Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune, blistering disease that affects the mucosa and skin. The current theory favors the concept that anti‐desmoglein (Dsg) 3 autoimmunity is the only pathogenic event needed to induce acantholysis. However, a few cases of active PV in the oral cavity had no detec...

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Autores principales: Endo, Hiroyasu, Rees, Terry D., Niwa, Hideo, Kuyama, Kayo, Oshima, Maya, Serizawa, Tae, Tanaka, Shigeo, Komiya, Masamichi, Ito, Takanori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6585872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31249702
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.174
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author Endo, Hiroyasu
Rees, Terry D.
Niwa, Hideo
Kuyama, Kayo
Oshima, Maya
Serizawa, Tae
Tanaka, Shigeo
Komiya, Masamichi
Ito, Takanori
author_facet Endo, Hiroyasu
Rees, Terry D.
Niwa, Hideo
Kuyama, Kayo
Oshima, Maya
Serizawa, Tae
Tanaka, Shigeo
Komiya, Masamichi
Ito, Takanori
author_sort Endo, Hiroyasu
collection PubMed
description Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune, blistering disease that affects the mucosa and skin. The current theory favors the concept that anti‐desmoglein (Dsg) 3 autoimmunity is the only pathogenic event needed to induce acantholysis. However, a few cases of active PV in the oral cavity had no detectable anti‐Dsg 3 antibody. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in clinical and laboratory findings, whether or not the anti‐Dsg 3 antibodies were present. This study was based on a retrospective review of 10 PV cases. The evaluation of the circulating autoantibody titers to Dsg 3 was conducted by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An index value of 20 or more was used as the cutoff for a positive reaction. Only five of the 10 PV cases had a positive Dsg 3 ELISA. There were no differences in clinical, cytological, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence findings, whether or not the anti‐Dsg 3 antibodies were present. Of the five patients with a negative reaction at the time of diagnosis, the Dsg 3 ELISA became positive in the follow‐up period in three cases. In the remaining two cases, the Dsg 3 ELISA was consistently negative for 18 months. Dsg 3 ELISA was negative early in some PV cases. Therefore, PV acantholysis may precede the elevation of circulating anti‐Dsg 3 antibody levels. The diagnosis of PV should be considered based on comprehensive clinical, histopathological, and immunofluorescent criteria.
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spelling pubmed-65858722019-06-27 Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis Endo, Hiroyasu Rees, Terry D. Niwa, Hideo Kuyama, Kayo Oshima, Maya Serizawa, Tae Tanaka, Shigeo Komiya, Masamichi Ito, Takanori Clin Exp Dent Res Original Articles Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune, blistering disease that affects the mucosa and skin. The current theory favors the concept that anti‐desmoglein (Dsg) 3 autoimmunity is the only pathogenic event needed to induce acantholysis. However, a few cases of active PV in the oral cavity had no detectable anti‐Dsg 3 antibody. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in clinical and laboratory findings, whether or not the anti‐Dsg 3 antibodies were present. This study was based on a retrospective review of 10 PV cases. The evaluation of the circulating autoantibody titers to Dsg 3 was conducted by using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). An index value of 20 or more was used as the cutoff for a positive reaction. Only five of the 10 PV cases had a positive Dsg 3 ELISA. There were no differences in clinical, cytological, histopathological, and direct immunofluorescence findings, whether or not the anti‐Dsg 3 antibodies were present. Of the five patients with a negative reaction at the time of diagnosis, the Dsg 3 ELISA became positive in the follow‐up period in three cases. In the remaining two cases, the Dsg 3 ELISA was consistently negative for 18 months. Dsg 3 ELISA was negative early in some PV cases. Therefore, PV acantholysis may precede the elevation of circulating anti‐Dsg 3 antibody levels. The diagnosis of PV should be considered based on comprehensive clinical, histopathological, and immunofluorescent criteria. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-03-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6585872/ /pubmed/31249702 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.174 Text en © 2019 The Authors. Clinical and Experimental Dental Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Articles
Endo, Hiroyasu
Rees, Terry D.
Niwa, Hideo
Kuyama, Kayo
Oshima, Maya
Serizawa, Tae
Tanaka, Shigeo
Komiya, Masamichi
Ito, Takanori
Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title_full Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title_fullStr Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title_full_unstemmed Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title_short Acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
title_sort acantholysis may precede elevation of circulating anti‐desmoglein 3 antibody levels in pemphigus vulgaris presenting with desquamative gingivitis
topic Original Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6585872/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31249702
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cre2.174
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