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Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice

Experiments on infections caused by trypanosomes are widely performed in Swiss white mice through various inoculation routes. To better understand the effect of route of trypanosome inoculation on disease outcomes in this model, we characterised the virulence of two isolates, Trypanosoma brucei KETR...

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Autores principales: Ndungu, Kariuki, Thungu, Daniel, Wamwiri, Florence, Mireji, Paul, Ngae, Geoffrey, Gitonga, Purity, Mulinge, James, Auma, Joanna, Thuita, John
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6586304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31220132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218441
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author Ndungu, Kariuki
Thungu, Daniel
Wamwiri, Florence
Mireji, Paul
Ngae, Geoffrey
Gitonga, Purity
Mulinge, James
Auma, Joanna
Thuita, John
author_facet Ndungu, Kariuki
Thungu, Daniel
Wamwiri, Florence
Mireji, Paul
Ngae, Geoffrey
Gitonga, Purity
Mulinge, James
Auma, Joanna
Thuita, John
author_sort Ndungu, Kariuki
collection PubMed
description Experiments on infections caused by trypanosomes are widely performed in Swiss white mice through various inoculation routes. To better understand the effect of route of trypanosome inoculation on disease outcomes in this model, we characterised the virulence of two isolates, Trypanosoma brucei KETRI 2710 and T. congolense KETRI 2765 in Swiss white mice. For each of the isolates, five routes of parasite inoculation, namely intraperitoneal (IP), subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) intradermal (ID) and intravenous (IV) were compared using groups (n = 6) of mice, with each mouse receiving 1x10(4) trypanosomes. We subsequently assessed impact of the routes on disease indices that included pre-patent period (PP), parasitaemia levels, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), bodyweight changes and survival time. Pre-patent period for IP inoculated mice was a mean ± SE of 3.8 ± 0.2 and 6.5 ± 0.0 for the T brucei and T. congolense isolates respectively; the PP for mice groups inoculated using other routes were not significantly different(p> 0.05) irrespective of route of inoculation and species of trypanosomes. With ID and IP routes, parasitaemia was significantly higher in T. brucei and significantly lower in T. congolense infected mice and the progression to peak parasitaemia routes showed no significant different between the routes of either species of trypanosome. The IM and ID routes in T. congolense inoculations, and IP and IV in T. b. brucei induced the fastest and slowest parasitaemia progressions respectively. There were significant differences in rates of reduction of PCV with time post infection in mice infected by the two species and which was more pronounced in sc and ip injected mice. No significant differences in mice body weight changes and survivorship was observed between the routes of inoculation. Inoculation route therefore appears to be a critical determinant of pathogenicity of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei in murine mouse model of African trypanosomiasis.
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spelling pubmed-65863042019-06-28 Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice Ndungu, Kariuki Thungu, Daniel Wamwiri, Florence Mireji, Paul Ngae, Geoffrey Gitonga, Purity Mulinge, James Auma, Joanna Thuita, John PLoS One Research Article Experiments on infections caused by trypanosomes are widely performed in Swiss white mice through various inoculation routes. To better understand the effect of route of trypanosome inoculation on disease outcomes in this model, we characterised the virulence of two isolates, Trypanosoma brucei KETRI 2710 and T. congolense KETRI 2765 in Swiss white mice. For each of the isolates, five routes of parasite inoculation, namely intraperitoneal (IP), subcutaneous (SC), intramuscular (IM) intradermal (ID) and intravenous (IV) were compared using groups (n = 6) of mice, with each mouse receiving 1x10(4) trypanosomes. We subsequently assessed impact of the routes on disease indices that included pre-patent period (PP), parasitaemia levels, Packed Cell Volume (PCV), bodyweight changes and survival time. Pre-patent period for IP inoculated mice was a mean ± SE of 3.8 ± 0.2 and 6.5 ± 0.0 for the T brucei and T. congolense isolates respectively; the PP for mice groups inoculated using other routes were not significantly different(p> 0.05) irrespective of route of inoculation and species of trypanosomes. With ID and IP routes, parasitaemia was significantly higher in T. brucei and significantly lower in T. congolense infected mice and the progression to peak parasitaemia routes showed no significant different between the routes of either species of trypanosome. The IM and ID routes in T. congolense inoculations, and IP and IV in T. b. brucei induced the fastest and slowest parasitaemia progressions respectively. There were significant differences in rates of reduction of PCV with time post infection in mice infected by the two species and which was more pronounced in sc and ip injected mice. No significant differences in mice body weight changes and survivorship was observed between the routes of inoculation. Inoculation route therefore appears to be a critical determinant of pathogenicity of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei in murine mouse model of African trypanosomiasis. Public Library of Science 2019-06-20 /pmc/articles/PMC6586304/ /pubmed/31220132 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218441 Text en © 2019 Ndungu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Ndungu, Kariuki
Thungu, Daniel
Wamwiri, Florence
Mireji, Paul
Ngae, Geoffrey
Gitonga, Purity
Mulinge, James
Auma, Joanna
Thuita, John
Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title_full Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title_fullStr Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title_full_unstemmed Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title_short Route of inoculation influences Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in Swiss white mice
title_sort route of inoculation influences trypanosoma congolense and trypanosoma brucei brucei virulence in swiss white mice
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6586304/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31220132
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218441
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