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Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics

Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are germline‐encoded receptors that are central to innate and adaptive immune responses. Owing to their vital role in inflammation, TLRs are rational targets in clinics; thus, many ligands and biologics have been reported to overcome the progression of various inflammatory...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz, Shah, Masaud, Kim, Jason, Choi, Sangdun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6587958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30450666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21553
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author Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz
Shah, Masaud
Kim, Jason
Choi, Sangdun
author_facet Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz
Shah, Masaud
Kim, Jason
Choi, Sangdun
author_sort Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz
collection PubMed
description Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are germline‐encoded receptors that are central to innate and adaptive immune responses. Owing to their vital role in inflammation, TLRs are rational targets in clinics; thus, many ligands and biologics have been reported to overcome the progression of various inflammatory and malignant conditions and support the immune system. For each TLR, at least one, and often many, drug formulations are being evaluated. Ligands reported as stand‐alone drugs may also be reported based on their use in combinatorial therapeutics as adjuvants. Despite their profound efficacy in TLR‐modulation in preclinical studies, multiple drugs have been terminated at different stages of clinical trials. Here, TLR modulating drugs that have been evaluated in clinical trials are discussed, along with their mode of action, suggestive failure reasons, and ways to improve the clinical outcomes. This review presents recent advances in TLR‐targeting drugs and provides directions for more successful immune system manipulation.
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spelling pubmed-65879582019-07-02 Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz Shah, Masaud Kim, Jason Choi, Sangdun Med Res Rev Review Articles Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are germline‐encoded receptors that are central to innate and adaptive immune responses. Owing to their vital role in inflammation, TLRs are rational targets in clinics; thus, many ligands and biologics have been reported to overcome the progression of various inflammatory and malignant conditions and support the immune system. For each TLR, at least one, and often many, drug formulations are being evaluated. Ligands reported as stand‐alone drugs may also be reported based on their use in combinatorial therapeutics as adjuvants. Despite their profound efficacy in TLR‐modulation in preclinical studies, multiple drugs have been terminated at different stages of clinical trials. Here, TLR modulating drugs that have been evaluated in clinical trials are discussed, along with their mode of action, suggestive failure reasons, and ways to improve the clinical outcomes. This review presents recent advances in TLR‐targeting drugs and provides directions for more successful immune system manipulation. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2018-11-18 2019-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6587958/ /pubmed/30450666 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21553 Text en © 2018 The Authors. Medicinal Research Reviews Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Anwar, Muhammad Ayaz
Shah, Masaud
Kim, Jason
Choi, Sangdun
Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title_full Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title_fullStr Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title_full_unstemmed Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title_short Recent clinical trends in Toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
title_sort recent clinical trends in toll‐like receptor targeting therapeutics
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6587958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30450666
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/med.21553
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