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Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology
Climate change has accentuated the importance of understanding how organisms respond to stresses imposed by changes to their environment, like water availability. Unusual organisms, called anhydrobiotes, can survive loss of almost all intracellular water. Desiccation tolerance of anhydrobiotes provi...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6589773/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-04-0257 |
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author | Koshland, Douglas Tapia, Hugo |
author_facet | Koshland, Douglas Tapia, Hugo |
author_sort | Koshland, Douglas |
collection | PubMed |
description | Climate change has accentuated the importance of understanding how organisms respond to stresses imposed by changes to their environment, like water availability. Unusual organisms, called anhydrobiotes, can survive loss of almost all intracellular water. Desiccation tolerance of anhydrobiotes provides an unusual window to study the stresses and stress response imposed by water loss. Because of the myriad of stresses that could be induced by water loss, desiccation tolerance seemed likely to require many established stress effectors. The sugar trehalose and hydrophilins (small intrinsically disordered proteins) had also been proposed as stress effectors against desiccation because they were found in nearly all anhydrobiotes, and could mitigate desiccation-induced damage to model proteins and membranes in vitro. Here, we summarize in vivo studies of desiccation tolerance in worms, yeast, and tardigrades. These studies demonstrate the remarkable potency of trehalose and a subset of hydrophilins as the major stress effectors of desiccation tolerance. They act, at least in part, by limiting in vivo protein aggregation and loss of membrane integrity. The apparent specialization of individual hydrophilins for desiccation tolerance suggests that other hydrophilins may have distinct roles in mitigating additional cellular stresses, thereby defining a potentially new functionally diverse set of stress effectors. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6589773 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65897732019-07-15 Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology Koshland, Douglas Tapia, Hugo Mol Biol Cell Perspective Climate change has accentuated the importance of understanding how organisms respond to stresses imposed by changes to their environment, like water availability. Unusual organisms, called anhydrobiotes, can survive loss of almost all intracellular water. Desiccation tolerance of anhydrobiotes provides an unusual window to study the stresses and stress response imposed by water loss. Because of the myriad of stresses that could be induced by water loss, desiccation tolerance seemed likely to require many established stress effectors. The sugar trehalose and hydrophilins (small intrinsically disordered proteins) had also been proposed as stress effectors against desiccation because they were found in nearly all anhydrobiotes, and could mitigate desiccation-induced damage to model proteins and membranes in vitro. Here, we summarize in vivo studies of desiccation tolerance in worms, yeast, and tardigrades. These studies demonstrate the remarkable potency of trehalose and a subset of hydrophilins as the major stress effectors of desiccation tolerance. They act, at least in part, by limiting in vivo protein aggregation and loss of membrane integrity. The apparent specialization of individual hydrophilins for desiccation tolerance suggests that other hydrophilins may have distinct roles in mitigating additional cellular stresses, thereby defining a potentially new functionally diverse set of stress effectors. The American Society for Cell Biology 2019-03-15 /pmc/articles/PMC6589773/ /pubmed/30870092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-04-0257 Text en © 2019 Koshland and Tapia. “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society for Cell Biology. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License. |
spellingShingle | Perspective Koshland, Douglas Tapia, Hugo Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title | Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title_full | Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title_fullStr | Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title_full_unstemmed | Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title_short | Desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
title_sort | desiccation tolerance: an unusual window into stress biology |
topic | Perspective |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6589773/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30870092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E17-04-0257 |
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