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Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments

Although the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has gradually improved, the outcomes of advanced GC patients remain unsatisfactory despite standard treatment with conventional chemotherapy or targeted agents. Several studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major compone...

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Autores principales: Ham, In-Hye, Lee, Dagyeong, Hur, Hoon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6590541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31281359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6270784
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author Ham, In-Hye
Lee, Dagyeong
Hur, Hoon
author_facet Ham, In-Hye
Lee, Dagyeong
Hur, Hoon
author_sort Ham, In-Hye
collection PubMed
description Although the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has gradually improved, the outcomes of advanced GC patients remain unsatisfactory despite standard treatment with conventional chemotherapy or targeted agents. Several studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of tumor stroma in GC, may have significant roles in GC progression and resistance to treatments. CAFs are a major source of various secreted molecules in the tumor microenvironment, which stimulate cancer cells and other noncancerous components of GC. Surprisingly, these factors could be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Cytokines, including interleukin-6 and interleukin-11, or growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor produced from CAFs, can directly activate GC cells and consequently lead to the development of an aggressive phenotype. Galectin-1 or hepatocyte growth factor can be involved in CAF-derived neovascularization in GC. In addition, recent studies showed that CAFs can affect tumor immunity through M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Finally, the current study aimed to introduce several inhibitory agents and evaluate their suppressive effects on CAFs in patients with GC progression. However, further studies are required to evaluate their safety and select appropriate patients for application in clinical settings.
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spelling pubmed-65905412019-07-07 Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments Ham, In-Hye Lee, Dagyeong Hur, Hoon J Oncol Review Article Although the survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients has gradually improved, the outcomes of advanced GC patients remain unsatisfactory despite standard treatment with conventional chemotherapy or targeted agents. Several studies have shown that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a major component of tumor stroma in GC, may have significant roles in GC progression and resistance to treatments. CAFs are a major source of various secreted molecules in the tumor microenvironment, which stimulate cancer cells and other noncancerous components of GC. Surprisingly, these factors could be involved in gastric carcinogenesis. Cytokines, including interleukin-6 and interleukin-11, or growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor produced from CAFs, can directly activate GC cells and consequently lead to the development of an aggressive phenotype. Galectin-1 or hepatocyte growth factor can be involved in CAF-derived neovascularization in GC. In addition, recent studies showed that CAFs can affect tumor immunity through M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Finally, the current study aimed to introduce several inhibitory agents and evaluate their suppressive effects on CAFs in patients with GC progression. However, further studies are required to evaluate their safety and select appropriate patients for application in clinical settings. Hindawi 2019-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6590541/ /pubmed/31281359 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6270784 Text en Copyright © 2019 In-Hye Ham et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Ham, In-Hye
Lee, Dagyeong
Hur, Hoon
Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title_full Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title_fullStr Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title_full_unstemmed Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title_short Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblast in Gastric Cancer Progression and Resistance to Treatments
title_sort role of cancer-associated fibroblast in gastric cancer progression and resistance to treatments
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6590541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31281359
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6270784
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