The Impact of the Risk Factors in the Evolution of the Patients with Left Main Coronary Artery Stenosis Treated with PCI or CABG

The aim of our study was to identify the cardiovascular risk factors present in patients with left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD), which influenced the progression of these patients in both percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). We performed a clinical observational descriptive study in which, during three years, we followed the evolution of 81 patients who were diagnosed with left main coronary artery disease and who were treated either by interventional revascularization by stent implantation, by surgical revascularization by performing an aortic-coronary bypass. In our study the risk factors according to which the evolution of the patients was observed were represented by diabetes, smoking, age and gender. The primary endpoint was mortality from any cause and other clinical endpoints were the reduction of left ventricular ejection fraction, symptomatic ischemic heart disease manifested by angina pectoris, non-procedural myocardial infarction or need for repeated revascularization. In our study diabetes was the risk factor that negatively influenced the evolution of patients with LMCAD treated either by PCI or by CABG for the most part, followed by smoking, male gender and age over 65 years.