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Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic zoonotic worldwide disease, which transmits to humans by the infected Phlebotomine sand fly bite. The common form of VL in Iran is the Mediterranean type with the causative agent of Leishmania infantum, whose main reservoirs are stray and domesticated...

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Autores principales: Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli, Saghafipour, Abedin, Mohebali, Mehdi, Akhoundi, Behnaz, Raufi, Hedayatollah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: F1000 Research Limited 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6593324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31281631
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15805.3
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author Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli
Saghafipour, Abedin
Mohebali, Mehdi
Akhoundi, Behnaz
Raufi, Hedayatollah
author_facet Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli
Saghafipour, Abedin
Mohebali, Mehdi
Akhoundi, Behnaz
Raufi, Hedayatollah
author_sort Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli
collection PubMed
description Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic zoonotic worldwide disease, which transmits to humans by the infected Phlebotomine sand fly bite. The common form of VL in Iran is the Mediterranean type with the causative agent of Leishmania infantum, whose main reservoirs are stray and domesticated dogs. The disease has several endemic foci in Iran, mostly seen among children under the age of 10, living in rural areas and nomadic tribes. The first cases of Kala-Azar in Qom province, central Iran, were reported in the year 2001, from the villages of Ghahan district. After conducting VL control strategies in the area, no new cases of the disease had been reported until recently. The cases described here are two 2-year-old girls, living in the urban parts of Qom province, one of whom did not have a history of traveling to known endemic areas of the disease. The patients were admitted to hospital in 2016-2017, complaining from recurrent fever with unrecognized reason, associated with decreased appetite and weight loss. Disease follow-up demonstrated anemia and splenomegaly, which led to diagnosis of VL, and both patients are now fully recovered. VL was presumed to be controlled in Qom province but the present cases indicate that possible VL existence remains in the region. Therefore, urgent studies and periodic monitoring are needed to identify potential reservoirs of VL in the area.
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spelling pubmed-65933242019-07-05 Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli Saghafipour, Abedin Mohebali, Mehdi Akhoundi, Behnaz Raufi, Hedayatollah F1000Res Clinical Practice Article Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a fatal parasitic zoonotic worldwide disease, which transmits to humans by the infected Phlebotomine sand fly bite. The common form of VL in Iran is the Mediterranean type with the causative agent of Leishmania infantum, whose main reservoirs are stray and domesticated dogs. The disease has several endemic foci in Iran, mostly seen among children under the age of 10, living in rural areas and nomadic tribes. The first cases of Kala-Azar in Qom province, central Iran, were reported in the year 2001, from the villages of Ghahan district. After conducting VL control strategies in the area, no new cases of the disease had been reported until recently. The cases described here are two 2-year-old girls, living in the urban parts of Qom province, one of whom did not have a history of traveling to known endemic areas of the disease. The patients were admitted to hospital in 2016-2017, complaining from recurrent fever with unrecognized reason, associated with decreased appetite and weight loss. Disease follow-up demonstrated anemia and splenomegaly, which led to diagnosis of VL, and both patients are now fully recovered. VL was presumed to be controlled in Qom province but the present cases indicate that possible VL existence remains in the region. Therefore, urgent studies and periodic monitoring are needed to identify potential reservoirs of VL in the area. F1000 Research Limited 2019-08-19 /pmc/articles/PMC6593324/ /pubmed/31281631 http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15805.3 Text en Copyright: © 2019 Zanjirani Farahani L et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Clinical Practice Article
Zanjirani Farahani, Leyli
Saghafipour, Abedin
Mohebali, Mehdi
Akhoundi, Behnaz
Raufi, Hedayatollah
Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title_full Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title_fullStr Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title_full_unstemmed Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title_short Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) in Qom Province, Iran: Report of two cases
title_sort visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) in qom province, iran: report of two cases
topic Clinical Practice Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6593324/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31281631
http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15805.3
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