Multi-Element Topochemical-Molten Salt Synthesis of One-Dimensional Piezoelectric Perovskite

One-dimensional perovskites are an interesting material for energy and optoelectronic applications. However, exploring the full wealth of architectures these materials could allow, through multi-element doping of A-sites and B-sites, is still a challenge. Here, we report a high-yield synthetic strategy for 1D perovskites via a two-step method based on a multi-element topochemical-molten salt method. Typically, a high yield of 1D multicomponent perovskite niobates (Li(0.06)Na(0.47)K(0.47))(Nb(0.94)Sb(0.06))O(3) (LNKNS2) is rapidly achieved from as-synthesized 1D K(2)(Nb(0.94)Sb(0.06))(8)O(21) with multi-element B-sites. In this process, 1D K(2)(Nb(0.94)Sb(0.06))(8)O(21) has been first achieved, and the proportion of the ions in A-sites is affected by the radius and molar ratio of ions. The z axis direction of K(2)(Nb(0.94)Sb(0.06))(8)O(21) rod is transformed into the x axis direction of LNKNS2 rod. Furthermore, the output voltage of the 1D niobates-based flexible piezoelectric device (FPD) was nearly 600% compared with that of the isotropic niobates-based FPD. This work also allows convenient fabrication of other 1D multicomponent perovskites.