Engineering quorum quenching enzymes: progress and perspectives

Quorum sensing is a key contributor to the virulence of many important plant, animal and human pathogens. The disruption of this signalling—a process referred to as ‘quorum quenching’—is a promising new approach for controlling microbial pathogens. In this mini-review, we have focused on efforts to engineer enzymes that disrupt quorum sensing by inactivating acyl-homoserine lactone signalling molecules. We review different approaches for protein engineering and provide examples of how these engineering approaches have been used to tailor the stability, specificity and activities of quorum quenching enzymes. Finally, we grapple with some of the issues around these approaches—including the disconnect between in vitro biochemistry and potential in vivo applications.