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Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition
OBJECTIVE: In humans, offspring of women who are overweight or obese are more likely to develop metabolic disease later in life. Studies in lower animal species reveal that a calorically-dense maternal diet is associated with alterations in islet cell mass and function. The long-term effects of mate...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6599455/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31036449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.010 |
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author | Elsakr, Joseph M. Dunn, Jennifer C. Tennant, Katherine Zhao, Sifang Kathy Kroeten, Karly Pasek, Raymond C. Takahashi, Diana L. Dean, Tyler A. Velez Edwards, Digna R. McCurdy, Carrie E. Aagaard, Kjersti M. Powers, Alvin C. Friedman, Jacob E. Kievit, Paul Gannon, Maureen |
author_facet | Elsakr, Joseph M. Dunn, Jennifer C. Tennant, Katherine Zhao, Sifang Kathy Kroeten, Karly Pasek, Raymond C. Takahashi, Diana L. Dean, Tyler A. Velez Edwards, Digna R. McCurdy, Carrie E. Aagaard, Kjersti M. Powers, Alvin C. Friedman, Jacob E. Kievit, Paul Gannon, Maureen |
author_sort | Elsakr, Joseph M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: In humans, offspring of women who are overweight or obese are more likely to develop metabolic disease later in life. Studies in lower animal species reveal that a calorically-dense maternal diet is associated with alterations in islet cell mass and function. The long-term effects of maternal diet on the structure and function of offspring islets with characteristics similar to humans are unknown. We used a well-established non-human primate (NHP) model to determine the consequences of exposure to Western-Style Diet (WSD) in utero and during lactation on islet cell mass and function in the offspring. METHODS: Female Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata) were fed either control (CTR) or WSD before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring were weaned onto CTR or WSD to generate four different groups based on maternal/offspring diets: CTR/CTR, WSD/CTR, CTR/WSD, and WSD/WSD. Offspring were analyzed at three years of age. Pancreatic tissue sections were immunolabelled to measure α- and β-cell mass and proliferation as well as islet vascularization. Live islets were also isolated to test the effects of WSD-exposure on islet function ex vivo. Offspring glucose tolerance was correlated with various maternal characteristics. RESULTS: α-cell mass was reduced as a result of maternal WSD exposure. α-cell proliferation was reduced in response to offspring WSD. Islet vasculature did not differ among the diet groups. Islets from WSD/CTR offspring secreted a greater amount of insulin in response to glucose ex vivo. We also found that maternal glucose tolerance and parity correlated with offspring glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal WSD exposure results in persistently decreased α-cell mass in the three-year old offspring. WSD/CTR islets secreted greater amounts of insulin ex vivo, suggesting that these islets are primed to hyper-secrete insulin under certain metabolic stressors. Although WSD did not induce overt impaired glucose tolerance in dams or offspring, offspring born to mothers with higher glucose excursions during a glucose tolerance test were more likely to also show higher glucose excursions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6599455 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Elsevier |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-65994552019-07-12 Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition Elsakr, Joseph M. Dunn, Jennifer C. Tennant, Katherine Zhao, Sifang Kathy Kroeten, Karly Pasek, Raymond C. Takahashi, Diana L. Dean, Tyler A. Velez Edwards, Digna R. McCurdy, Carrie E. Aagaard, Kjersti M. Powers, Alvin C. Friedman, Jacob E. Kievit, Paul Gannon, Maureen Mol Metab Original Article OBJECTIVE: In humans, offspring of women who are overweight or obese are more likely to develop metabolic disease later in life. Studies in lower animal species reveal that a calorically-dense maternal diet is associated with alterations in islet cell mass and function. The long-term effects of maternal diet on the structure and function of offspring islets with characteristics similar to humans are unknown. We used a well-established non-human primate (NHP) model to determine the consequences of exposure to Western-Style Diet (WSD) in utero and during lactation on islet cell mass and function in the offspring. METHODS: Female Japanese Macaques (Macaca fuscata) were fed either control (CTR) or WSD before and throughout pregnancy and lactation. Offspring were weaned onto CTR or WSD to generate four different groups based on maternal/offspring diets: CTR/CTR, WSD/CTR, CTR/WSD, and WSD/WSD. Offspring were analyzed at three years of age. Pancreatic tissue sections were immunolabelled to measure α- and β-cell mass and proliferation as well as islet vascularization. Live islets were also isolated to test the effects of WSD-exposure on islet function ex vivo. Offspring glucose tolerance was correlated with various maternal characteristics. RESULTS: α-cell mass was reduced as a result of maternal WSD exposure. α-cell proliferation was reduced in response to offspring WSD. Islet vasculature did not differ among the diet groups. Islets from WSD/CTR offspring secreted a greater amount of insulin in response to glucose ex vivo. We also found that maternal glucose tolerance and parity correlated with offspring glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal WSD exposure results in persistently decreased α-cell mass in the three-year old offspring. WSD/CTR islets secreted greater amounts of insulin ex vivo, suggesting that these islets are primed to hyper-secrete insulin under certain metabolic stressors. Although WSD did not induce overt impaired glucose tolerance in dams or offspring, offspring born to mothers with higher glucose excursions during a glucose tolerance test were more likely to also show higher glucose excursions. Elsevier 2019-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6599455/ /pubmed/31036449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.010 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Original Article Elsakr, Joseph M. Dunn, Jennifer C. Tennant, Katherine Zhao, Sifang Kathy Kroeten, Karly Pasek, Raymond C. Takahashi, Diana L. Dean, Tyler A. Velez Edwards, Digna R. McCurdy, Carrie E. Aagaard, Kjersti M. Powers, Alvin C. Friedman, Jacob E. Kievit, Paul Gannon, Maureen Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title | Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title_full | Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title_fullStr | Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title_full_unstemmed | Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title_short | Maternal Western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
title_sort | maternal western-style diet affects offspring islet composition and function in a non-human primate model of maternal over-nutrition |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6599455/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31036449 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2019.03.010 |
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