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Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis) and chronic inflammatory diseases (CID). The excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a pivotal role in the progression of...

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Autores principales: Kyotani, Yoji, Takasawa, Shin, Yoshizumi, Masanori
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600262/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31159449
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112706
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author Kyotani, Yoji
Takasawa, Shin
Yoshizumi, Masanori
author_facet Kyotani, Yoji
Takasawa, Shin
Yoshizumi, Masanori
author_sort Kyotani, Yoji
collection PubMed
description Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis) and chronic inflammatory diseases (CID). The excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and nuclear factor-κB are thought to be the main factors involved in responses to IH and in regulating adaptations or inflammation pathways, however, further evidence is needed to demonstrate the underlying mechanisms of this process in VSMCs. Furthermore, few studies of IH have examined smooth muscle cell responses. Our previous studies demonstrated that increased interleukin (IL)-6, epidermal growth factor family ligands, and erbB2 receptor, some of which amplify inflammation and, consequently, induce CID, were induced by IH and were involved in the proliferation of VSMCs. Since IH increased IL-6 and epiregulin expression in VSMCs, the same phenomenon may also occur in other smooth muscle cells, and, consequently, may be related to the incidence or progression of several diseases. In the present review, we describe how IH can induce the excessive proliferation of VSMCs and we develop the suggestion that other CID may be related to the effects of IH on other smooth muscle cells.
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spelling pubmed-66002622019-07-16 Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia Kyotani, Yoji Takasawa, Shin Yoshizumi, Masanori Int J Mol Sci Review Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH) and is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (e.g., atherosclerosis) and chronic inflammatory diseases (CID). The excessive proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a pivotal role in the progression of atherosclerosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and nuclear factor-κB are thought to be the main factors involved in responses to IH and in regulating adaptations or inflammation pathways, however, further evidence is needed to demonstrate the underlying mechanisms of this process in VSMCs. Furthermore, few studies of IH have examined smooth muscle cell responses. Our previous studies demonstrated that increased interleukin (IL)-6, epidermal growth factor family ligands, and erbB2 receptor, some of which amplify inflammation and, consequently, induce CID, were induced by IH and were involved in the proliferation of VSMCs. Since IH increased IL-6 and epiregulin expression in VSMCs, the same phenomenon may also occur in other smooth muscle cells, and, consequently, may be related to the incidence or progression of several diseases. In the present review, we describe how IH can induce the excessive proliferation of VSMCs and we develop the suggestion that other CID may be related to the effects of IH on other smooth muscle cells. MDPI 2019-06-01 /pmc/articles/PMC6600262/ /pubmed/31159449 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112706 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kyotani, Yoji
Takasawa, Shin
Yoshizumi, Masanori
Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title_full Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title_fullStr Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title_full_unstemmed Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title_short Proliferative Pathways of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Response to Intermittent Hypoxia
title_sort proliferative pathways of vascular smooth muscle cells in response to intermittent hypoxia
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600262/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31159449
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112706
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