Cargando…
Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells
The actin cytoskeleton is involved in regulating stomatal movement, which forms distinct actin arrays within guard cells of stomata with different apertures. How those actin arrays are formed and maintained remains largely unexplored. Elucidation of the dynamic behavior of differently oriented actin...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600335/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31195605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112753 |
_version_ | 1783431094441345024 |
---|---|
author | Li, Xin Diao, Min Zhang, Yanan Chen, Guanlin Huang, Shanjin Chen, Naizhi |
author_facet | Li, Xin Diao, Min Zhang, Yanan Chen, Guanlin Huang, Shanjin Chen, Naizhi |
author_sort | Li, Xin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The actin cytoskeleton is involved in regulating stomatal movement, which forms distinct actin arrays within guard cells of stomata with different apertures. How those actin arrays are formed and maintained remains largely unexplored. Elucidation of the dynamic behavior of differently oriented actin filaments in guard cells will enhance our understanding in this regard. Here, we initially developed a program called ‘guard cell microfilament analyzer’ (GCMA) that enables the selection of individual actin filaments and analysis of their orientations semiautomatically in guard cells. We next traced the dynamics of individual actin filaments and performed careful quantification in open and closed stomata. We found that de novo nucleation of actin filaments occurs at both dorsal and ventral sides of guard cells from open and closed stomata. Interestingly, most of the nucleated actin filaments elongate radially and longitudinally in open and closed stomata, respectively. Strikingly, radial filaments tend to form bundles whereas longitudinal filaments tend to be removed by severing and depolymerization in open stomata. By contrast, longitudinal filaments tend to form bundles that are severed less frequently in closed stomata. These observations provide insights into the formation and maintenance of distinct actin arrays in guard cells in stomata of different apertures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6600335 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66003352019-07-16 Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells Li, Xin Diao, Min Zhang, Yanan Chen, Guanlin Huang, Shanjin Chen, Naizhi Int J Mol Sci Article The actin cytoskeleton is involved in regulating stomatal movement, which forms distinct actin arrays within guard cells of stomata with different apertures. How those actin arrays are formed and maintained remains largely unexplored. Elucidation of the dynamic behavior of differently oriented actin filaments in guard cells will enhance our understanding in this regard. Here, we initially developed a program called ‘guard cell microfilament analyzer’ (GCMA) that enables the selection of individual actin filaments and analysis of their orientations semiautomatically in guard cells. We next traced the dynamics of individual actin filaments and performed careful quantification in open and closed stomata. We found that de novo nucleation of actin filaments occurs at both dorsal and ventral sides of guard cells from open and closed stomata. Interestingly, most of the nucleated actin filaments elongate radially and longitudinally in open and closed stomata, respectively. Strikingly, radial filaments tend to form bundles whereas longitudinal filaments tend to be removed by severing and depolymerization in open stomata. By contrast, longitudinal filaments tend to form bundles that are severed less frequently in closed stomata. These observations provide insights into the formation and maintenance of distinct actin arrays in guard cells in stomata of different apertures. MDPI 2019-06-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6600335/ /pubmed/31195605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112753 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Li, Xin Diao, Min Zhang, Yanan Chen, Guanlin Huang, Shanjin Chen, Naizhi Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title | Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title_full | Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title_fullStr | Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title_short | Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells |
title_sort | guard cell microfilament analyzer facilitates the analysis of the organization and dynamics of actin filaments in arabidopsis guard cells |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600335/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31195605 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112753 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lixin guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells AT diaomin guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells AT zhangyanan guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells AT chenguanlin guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells AT huangshanjin guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells AT chennaizhi guardcellmicrofilamentanalyzerfacilitatestheanalysisoftheorganizationanddynamicsofactinfilamentsinarabidopsisguardcells |