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The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice
We observed that on long-term breeding, gp91phox-knockout (gp91phox(−/−)) mice developed white hair. Here, we investigate the origin of this hitherto unexplained phenomenon. Moreover, we investigated the effect of tranexamic acid administration on the hair color in gp91phox(−/−) mice. We administere...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31151207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112665 |
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author | Hiramoto, Keiichi Yamate, Yurika Takishita, Yutaka Sato, Eisuke F. |
author_facet | Hiramoto, Keiichi Yamate, Yurika Takishita, Yutaka Sato, Eisuke F. |
author_sort | Hiramoto, Keiichi |
collection | PubMed |
description | We observed that on long-term breeding, gp91phox-knockout (gp91phox(−/−)) mice developed white hair. Here, we investigate the origin of this hitherto unexplained phenomenon. Moreover, we investigated the effect of tranexamic acid administration on the hair color in gp91phox(−/−) mice. We administered tranexamic acid (about 12 mg/kg/day) orally to 9-week-old C57BL/6j (control) and gp91phox(−/−) mice, thrice a week for 12 months. Compared to control mice, gp91phox(−/−) mice showed more white hair. However, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the skin were lower than those in the control group. Furthermore, increase in white hair was observed in the control mice upon administration of the IL-1β antagonist. On the other hand, administration of tranexamic acid led to brown colored hair on gp91phox(−/−) mice. Although tranexamic acid treatment did not alter the expression levels of melanocortin receptor 1 and agouti signaling protein on hair follicles, it increased the expression of mahogunin ring finger protein 1 (MGRN1) and collagen XVII. These results suggested that retention of black hair requires the gp91phox/ROS/IL-1β/TGF-β pathway and that elevated levels of MGRN1 and collagen XVII lead to brown hair in gp91phox(−/−) mice. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6600564 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66005642019-07-16 The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice Hiramoto, Keiichi Yamate, Yurika Takishita, Yutaka Sato, Eisuke F. Int J Mol Sci Article We observed that on long-term breeding, gp91phox-knockout (gp91phox(−/−)) mice developed white hair. Here, we investigate the origin of this hitherto unexplained phenomenon. Moreover, we investigated the effect of tranexamic acid administration on the hair color in gp91phox(−/−) mice. We administered tranexamic acid (about 12 mg/kg/day) orally to 9-week-old C57BL/6j (control) and gp91phox(−/−) mice, thrice a week for 12 months. Compared to control mice, gp91phox(−/−) mice showed more white hair. However, the concentrations of reactive oxygen species and the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in the skin were lower than those in the control group. Furthermore, increase in white hair was observed in the control mice upon administration of the IL-1β antagonist. On the other hand, administration of tranexamic acid led to brown colored hair on gp91phox(−/−) mice. Although tranexamic acid treatment did not alter the expression levels of melanocortin receptor 1 and agouti signaling protein on hair follicles, it increased the expression of mahogunin ring finger protein 1 (MGRN1) and collagen XVII. These results suggested that retention of black hair requires the gp91phox/ROS/IL-1β/TGF-β pathway and that elevated levels of MGRN1 and collagen XVII lead to brown hair in gp91phox(−/−) mice. MDPI 2019-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6600564/ /pubmed/31151207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112665 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hiramoto, Keiichi Yamate, Yurika Takishita, Yutaka Sato, Eisuke F. The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title | The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title_full | The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title_fullStr | The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title_short | The Role of gp91phox and the Effect of Tranexamic Acid Administration on Hair Color in Mice |
title_sort | role of gp91phox and the effect of tranexamic acid administration on hair color in mice |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600564/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31151207 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112665 |
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