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CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T lymphocytes (CAR Ts) produced impressive clinical results against selected hematological malignancies, but the extension of CAR T cell therapy to the challenging field of solid tumors has not, so far, replicated similar clinical outcomes. Many efforts are...

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Autores principales: Rotolo, Ramona, Leuci, Valeria, Donini, Chiara, Cykowska, Anna, Gammaitoni, Loretta, Medico, Giovanni, Valabrega, Giorgio, Aglietta, Massimo, Sangiolo, Dario
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31212634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112839
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author Rotolo, Ramona
Leuci, Valeria
Donini, Chiara
Cykowska, Anna
Gammaitoni, Loretta
Medico, Giovanni
Valabrega, Giorgio
Aglietta, Massimo
Sangiolo, Dario
author_facet Rotolo, Ramona
Leuci, Valeria
Donini, Chiara
Cykowska, Anna
Gammaitoni, Loretta
Medico, Giovanni
Valabrega, Giorgio
Aglietta, Massimo
Sangiolo, Dario
author_sort Rotolo, Ramona
collection PubMed
description Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T lymphocytes (CAR Ts) produced impressive clinical results against selected hematological malignancies, but the extension of CAR T cell therapy to the challenging field of solid tumors has not, so far, replicated similar clinical outcomes. Many efforts are currently dedicated to improve the efficacy and safety of CAR-based adoptive immunotherapies, including application against solid tumors. A promising approach is CAR engineering of immune effectors different from αβT lymphocytes. Herein we reviewed biological features, therapeutic potential, and safety of alternative effectors to conventional CAR T cells: γδT, natural killer (NK), NKT, or cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells. The intrinsic CAR-independent antitumor activities, safety profile, and ex vivo expansibility of these alternative immune effectors may favorably contribute to the clinical development of CAR strategies. The proper biological features of innate immune response effectors may represent an added value in tumor settings with heterogeneous CAR target expression, limiting the risk of tumor clonal escape. All these properties bring out CAR engineering of alternative immune effectors as a promising integrative option to be explored in future clinical studies.
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spelling pubmed-66005662019-07-16 CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy Rotolo, Ramona Leuci, Valeria Donini, Chiara Cykowska, Anna Gammaitoni, Loretta Medico, Giovanni Valabrega, Giorgio Aglietta, Massimo Sangiolo, Dario Int J Mol Sci Review Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T lymphocytes (CAR Ts) produced impressive clinical results against selected hematological malignancies, but the extension of CAR T cell therapy to the challenging field of solid tumors has not, so far, replicated similar clinical outcomes. Many efforts are currently dedicated to improve the efficacy and safety of CAR-based adoptive immunotherapies, including application against solid tumors. A promising approach is CAR engineering of immune effectors different from αβT lymphocytes. Herein we reviewed biological features, therapeutic potential, and safety of alternative effectors to conventional CAR T cells: γδT, natural killer (NK), NKT, or cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells. The intrinsic CAR-independent antitumor activities, safety profile, and ex vivo expansibility of these alternative immune effectors may favorably contribute to the clinical development of CAR strategies. The proper biological features of innate immune response effectors may represent an added value in tumor settings with heterogeneous CAR target expression, limiting the risk of tumor clonal escape. All these properties bring out CAR engineering of alternative immune effectors as a promising integrative option to be explored in future clinical studies. MDPI 2019-06-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6600566/ /pubmed/31212634 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112839 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Rotolo, Ramona
Leuci, Valeria
Donini, Chiara
Cykowska, Anna
Gammaitoni, Loretta
Medico, Giovanni
Valabrega, Giorgio
Aglietta, Massimo
Sangiolo, Dario
CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title_full CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title_fullStr CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title_short CAR-Based Strategies beyond T Lymphocytes: Integrative Opportunities for Cancer Adoptive Immunotherapy
title_sort car-based strategies beyond t lymphocytes: integrative opportunities for cancer adoptive immunotherapy
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6600566/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31212634
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20112839
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