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The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep
BACKGROUND: The role played by the humoral immune response in animals vaccinated against a mycobacterial disease such as paratuberculosis, is not well understood. Sheep vaccinated against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) can still become infected and in some cases succumb to clinica...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6604481/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31266499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1972-z |
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author | Pooley, Hannah B. Begg, Douglas J. Plain, Karren M. Whittington, Richard J. Purdie, Auriol C. de Silva, Kumudika |
author_facet | Pooley, Hannah B. Begg, Douglas J. Plain, Karren M. Whittington, Richard J. Purdie, Auriol C. de Silva, Kumudika |
author_sort | Pooley, Hannah B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The role played by the humoral immune response in animals vaccinated against a mycobacterial disease such as paratuberculosis, is not well understood. Sheep vaccinated against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) can still become infected and in some cases succumb to clinical disease. The strength and location of the humoral immune response following vaccination could contribute to the ability of sheep to clear MAP infection. We examined the peripheral antibody response along with the localised humoral response at the site of paratuberculosis infection, the ileum, to better understand how this contributes to MAP infection of sheep following vaccination and exposure. RESULTS: Through assessing MAP specific serum IgG1 and IgG levels we show that the timing and strength of the humoral immune response directly relates to prevention of infection following vaccination. Vaccinated sheep that subsequently became infected had significantly reduced levels of MAP specific serum IgG1 early after vaccination. In contrast, vaccinated sheep that did not subsequently become infected had significantly elevated MAP specific serum IgG1 following vaccination. Furthermore, at 12 months post MAP exposure, vaccinated and subsequently uninfected sheep had downregulated expression of genes related to the humoral response in contrast to vaccinated infected sheep where expression levels were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: The timing and strength of the humoral immune response following vaccination against paratuberculosis in sheep directly relates to subsequent infection status. An initial strong IgG1 response following vaccination was crucial to prevent infection. Additionally, vaccinated uninfected sheep were able to modulate that response following apparent MAP clearance, unlike vaccinated infected animals where there was apparent dysregulation of the humoral response, which is associated with progression to clinical disease. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6604481 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66044812019-07-12 The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep Pooley, Hannah B. Begg, Douglas J. Plain, Karren M. Whittington, Richard J. Purdie, Auriol C. de Silva, Kumudika BMC Vet Res Research Article BACKGROUND: The role played by the humoral immune response in animals vaccinated against a mycobacterial disease such as paratuberculosis, is not well understood. Sheep vaccinated against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) can still become infected and in some cases succumb to clinical disease. The strength and location of the humoral immune response following vaccination could contribute to the ability of sheep to clear MAP infection. We examined the peripheral antibody response along with the localised humoral response at the site of paratuberculosis infection, the ileum, to better understand how this contributes to MAP infection of sheep following vaccination and exposure. RESULTS: Through assessing MAP specific serum IgG1 and IgG levels we show that the timing and strength of the humoral immune response directly relates to prevention of infection following vaccination. Vaccinated sheep that subsequently became infected had significantly reduced levels of MAP specific serum IgG1 early after vaccination. In contrast, vaccinated sheep that did not subsequently become infected had significantly elevated MAP specific serum IgG1 following vaccination. Furthermore, at 12 months post MAP exposure, vaccinated and subsequently uninfected sheep had downregulated expression of genes related to the humoral response in contrast to vaccinated infected sheep where expression levels were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS: The timing and strength of the humoral immune response following vaccination against paratuberculosis in sheep directly relates to subsequent infection status. An initial strong IgG1 response following vaccination was crucial to prevent infection. Additionally, vaccinated uninfected sheep were able to modulate that response following apparent MAP clearance, unlike vaccinated infected animals where there was apparent dysregulation of the humoral response, which is associated with progression to clinical disease. BioMed Central 2019-07-02 /pmc/articles/PMC6604481/ /pubmed/31266499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1972-z Text en © The Author(s). 2019 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Pooley, Hannah B. Begg, Douglas J. Plain, Karren M. Whittington, Richard J. Purdie, Auriol C. de Silva, Kumudika The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title | The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title_full | The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title_fullStr | The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title_full_unstemmed | The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title_short | The humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
title_sort | humoral immune response is essential for successful vaccine protection against paratuberculosis in sheep |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6604481/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31266499 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12917-019-1972-z |
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