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Oral microbiome and health

The oral microbiome is diverse in its composition due to continuous contact of oral cavity with the external environment. Temperatures, diet, pH, feeding habits are important factors that contribute in the establishment of oral microbiome. Both culture dependent and culture independent approaches ha...

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Autores principales: Sharma, Neetu, Bhatia, Sonu, Sodhi, Abhinashi Singh, Batra, Navneet
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: AIMS Press 2018
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6605021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31294203
http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.42
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author Sharma, Neetu
Bhatia, Sonu
Sodhi, Abhinashi Singh
Batra, Navneet
author_facet Sharma, Neetu
Bhatia, Sonu
Sodhi, Abhinashi Singh
Batra, Navneet
author_sort Sharma, Neetu
collection PubMed
description The oral microbiome is diverse in its composition due to continuous contact of oral cavity with the external environment. Temperatures, diet, pH, feeding habits are important factors that contribute in the establishment of oral microbiome. Both culture dependent and culture independent approaches have been employed in the analysis of oral microbiome. Gene-based methods like PCR amplification techniques, random amplicon cloning, PCR-RELP, T-RELP, DGGE and DNA microarray analysis have been applied to increase oral microbiome related knowledge. Studies revealed that microbes from the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Neisseria, TM7 predominately inhabits the oral cavity. Culture-independent molecular techniques revealed the presence of genera Megasphaera, Parvimonas and Desulfobulbus in periodontal disease. Bacteria, fungi and protozoa colonize themselves on various surfaces in oral cavity. Microbial biofilms are formed on the buccal mucosa, dorsum of the tongue, tooth surfaces and gingival sulcus. Various studies demonstrate relationship between unbalanced microflora and development of diseases like tooth caries, periodontal diseases, type 2 diabetes, circulatory system related diseases etc. Transcriptome-based remodelling of microbial metabolism in health and disease associated states has been well reported. Human diets and habitat can trigger virus activation and influence phage members of oral microbiome. As it is said, “Mouth, is the gateway to the total body wellness, thus oral microbiome influences overall health of an individual”.
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spelling pubmed-66050212019-07-10 Oral microbiome and health Sharma, Neetu Bhatia, Sonu Sodhi, Abhinashi Singh Batra, Navneet AIMS Microbiol Review The oral microbiome is diverse in its composition due to continuous contact of oral cavity with the external environment. Temperatures, diet, pH, feeding habits are important factors that contribute in the establishment of oral microbiome. Both culture dependent and culture independent approaches have been employed in the analysis of oral microbiome. Gene-based methods like PCR amplification techniques, random amplicon cloning, PCR-RELP, T-RELP, DGGE and DNA microarray analysis have been applied to increase oral microbiome related knowledge. Studies revealed that microbes from the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Fusobacteria, Neisseria, TM7 predominately inhabits the oral cavity. Culture-independent molecular techniques revealed the presence of genera Megasphaera, Parvimonas and Desulfobulbus in periodontal disease. Bacteria, fungi and protozoa colonize themselves on various surfaces in oral cavity. Microbial biofilms are formed on the buccal mucosa, dorsum of the tongue, tooth surfaces and gingival sulcus. Various studies demonstrate relationship between unbalanced microflora and development of diseases like tooth caries, periodontal diseases, type 2 diabetes, circulatory system related diseases etc. Transcriptome-based remodelling of microbial metabolism in health and disease associated states has been well reported. Human diets and habitat can trigger virus activation and influence phage members of oral microbiome. As it is said, “Mouth, is the gateway to the total body wellness, thus oral microbiome influences overall health of an individual”. AIMS Press 2018-01-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6605021/ /pubmed/31294203 http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.42 Text en © 2018 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
spellingShingle Review
Sharma, Neetu
Bhatia, Sonu
Sodhi, Abhinashi Singh
Batra, Navneet
Oral microbiome and health
title Oral microbiome and health
title_full Oral microbiome and health
title_fullStr Oral microbiome and health
title_full_unstemmed Oral microbiome and health
title_short Oral microbiome and health
title_sort oral microbiome and health
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6605021/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31294203
http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.42
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