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The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease

Melanocortin agonists are ancient neuropeptides that have steroidogenesis and anti-inflammatory properties. They activate melanocortin receptors (MCR), a family of five seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors. MC1R and MC3R are mainly involved in immunomodulatory effects. Adrenocorticotropin...

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Autores principales: Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth, Asif, Huda, Lindenmaier, Laurence Baily, Calzadilla, Andrew, Zhang, Chongxu, Mirsaeidi, Mehdi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6610340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31316990
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00145
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author Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth
Asif, Huda
Lindenmaier, Laurence Baily
Calzadilla, Andrew
Zhang, Chongxu
Mirsaeidi, Mehdi
author_facet Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth
Asif, Huda
Lindenmaier, Laurence Baily
Calzadilla, Andrew
Zhang, Chongxu
Mirsaeidi, Mehdi
author_sort Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth
collection PubMed
description Melanocortin agonists are ancient neuropeptides that have steroidogenesis and anti-inflammatory properties. They activate melanocortin receptors (MCR), a family of five seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors. MC1R and MC3R are mainly involved in immunomodulatory effects. Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and alpha-Melanocortin stimulating hormone (α-MSH) reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in several pulmonary inflammatory disorders including asthma, sarcoidosis, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. They have also been shown to reduce fibrogenesis in animal models with pulmonary fibrosis. By understanding the functions of MCR in macrophages, T-helper cell type 1, and T-helper cell type 17, we may uncover the mechanism of action of melanocortin agonists in sarcoidosis. Further translational and clinical research is needed to define the role of ACTH and α-MSH in pulmonary diseases.
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spelling pubmed-66103402019-07-17 The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth Asif, Huda Lindenmaier, Laurence Baily Calzadilla, Andrew Zhang, Chongxu Mirsaeidi, Mehdi Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine Melanocortin agonists are ancient neuropeptides that have steroidogenesis and anti-inflammatory properties. They activate melanocortin receptors (MCR), a family of five seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors. MC1R and MC3R are mainly involved in immunomodulatory effects. Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and alpha-Melanocortin stimulating hormone (α-MSH) reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines in several pulmonary inflammatory disorders including asthma, sarcoidosis, and the acute respiratory distress syndrome. They have also been shown to reduce fibrogenesis in animal models with pulmonary fibrosis. By understanding the functions of MCR in macrophages, T-helper cell type 1, and T-helper cell type 17, we may uncover the mechanism of action of melanocortin agonists in sarcoidosis. Further translational and clinical research is needed to define the role of ACTH and α-MSH in pulmonary diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC6610340/ /pubmed/31316990 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00145 Text en Copyright © 2019 Moscowitz, Asif, Lindenmaier, Calzadilla, Zhang and Mirsaeidi. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Medicine
Moscowitz, Anna Elizabeth
Asif, Huda
Lindenmaier, Laurence Baily
Calzadilla, Andrew
Zhang, Chongxu
Mirsaeidi, Mehdi
The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title_full The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title_fullStr The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title_full_unstemmed The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title_short The Importance of Melanocortin Receptors and Their Agonists in Pulmonary Disease
title_sort importance of melanocortin receptors and their agonists in pulmonary disease
topic Medicine
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6610340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31316990
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2019.00145
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