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Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission
Acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis is traditionally associated with hypernatremia but recent observations suggest that hypernatremia is currently less common than hyponatremia. The latter has sometimes been documented also in children with acute community-acquired diseases, such as bronchiolit...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6611618/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31276475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219299 |
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author | Mazzoni, Marta B. Milani, Gregorio P. Bernardi, Silvia Odone, Ludovica Rocchi, Alessia D’Angelo, Emanuela A. Alberzoni, Marco Agostoni, Carlo Bianchetti, Mario G. Fossali, Emilio F. |
author_facet | Mazzoni, Marta B. Milani, Gregorio P. Bernardi, Silvia Odone, Ludovica Rocchi, Alessia D’Angelo, Emanuela A. Alberzoni, Marco Agostoni, Carlo Bianchetti, Mario G. Fossali, Emilio F. |
author_sort | Mazzoni, Marta B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis is traditionally associated with hypernatremia but recent observations suggest that hypernatremia is currently less common than hyponatremia. The latter has sometimes been documented also in children with acute community-acquired diseases, such as bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. We investigated the prevalence of dysnatremia in children with acute moderate severe gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. This prospective observational study included 400 consecutive previously healthy infants ≥4 weeks to ≤24 months of age (232 males and 168 females): 160 with gastroenteritis and relevant dehydration, 160 with moderate-severe bronchiolitis and 80 with pyelonephritis admitted to our emergency department between 2009 and 2017. Circulating sodium was determined by means of direct potentiometry. For analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Fisher’s exact test were used. Hyponatremia was found in 214 of the 400 patients. It was common in gastroenteritis (43%) and significantly more frequent in bronchiolitis (57%) and pyelonephritis (68%). Patients with hyponatremia were significantly younger than those without hyponatremia (3.9 [1.6–13] versus 7.5 [3.4–14] months). The gender ratio was similar in children with and without hyponatremia. Hyponatremia was associated with further metabolic abnormalities (hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis) in gastroenteritis (71%) and pyelonephritis (54%), and always isolated in bronchiolitis. In conclusion, hyponatremia is common at presentation among previously healthy infants with gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis or pyelonephritis. These data have relevant consequences for the nutrition and rehydration management in these conditions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6611618 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66116182019-07-12 Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission Mazzoni, Marta B. Milani, Gregorio P. Bernardi, Silvia Odone, Ludovica Rocchi, Alessia D’Angelo, Emanuela A. Alberzoni, Marco Agostoni, Carlo Bianchetti, Mario G. Fossali, Emilio F. PLoS One Research Article Acute moderate to severe gastroenteritis is traditionally associated with hypernatremia but recent observations suggest that hypernatremia is currently less common than hyponatremia. The latter has sometimes been documented also in children with acute community-acquired diseases, such as bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. We investigated the prevalence of dysnatremia in children with acute moderate severe gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis and pyelonephritis. This prospective observational study included 400 consecutive previously healthy infants ≥4 weeks to ≤24 months of age (232 males and 168 females): 160 with gastroenteritis and relevant dehydration, 160 with moderate-severe bronchiolitis and 80 with pyelonephritis admitted to our emergency department between 2009 and 2017. Circulating sodium was determined by means of direct potentiometry. For analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Fisher’s exact test were used. Hyponatremia was found in 214 of the 400 patients. It was common in gastroenteritis (43%) and significantly more frequent in bronchiolitis (57%) and pyelonephritis (68%). Patients with hyponatremia were significantly younger than those without hyponatremia (3.9 [1.6–13] versus 7.5 [3.4–14] months). The gender ratio was similar in children with and without hyponatremia. Hyponatremia was associated with further metabolic abnormalities (hypokalemia, hyperkalemia, metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis) in gastroenteritis (71%) and pyelonephritis (54%), and always isolated in bronchiolitis. In conclusion, hyponatremia is common at presentation among previously healthy infants with gastroenteritis, bronchiolitis or pyelonephritis. These data have relevant consequences for the nutrition and rehydration management in these conditions. Public Library of Science 2019-07-05 /pmc/articles/PMC6611618/ /pubmed/31276475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219299 Text en © 2019 Mazzoni et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Mazzoni, Marta B. Milani, Gregorio P. Bernardi, Silvia Odone, Ludovica Rocchi, Alessia D’Angelo, Emanuela A. Alberzoni, Marco Agostoni, Carlo Bianchetti, Mario G. Fossali, Emilio F. Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title | Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title_full | Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title_fullStr | Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title_full_unstemmed | Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title_short | Hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
title_sort | hyponatremia in infants with community-acquired infections on hospital admission |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6611618/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31276475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219299 |
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