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Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals
Motion in depth (MID) can be cued by high-resolution changes in binocular disparity over time (CD), and low-resolution interocular velocity differences (IOVD). Computational differences between these two mechanisms suggest that they may be implemented in visual pathways with different spatial and te...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6612918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31209058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817202116 |
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author | Kaestner, Milena Maloney, Ryan T. Wailes-Newson, Kirstie H. Bloj, Marina Harris, Julie M. Morland, Antony B. Wade, Alex R. |
author_facet | Kaestner, Milena Maloney, Ryan T. Wailes-Newson, Kirstie H. Bloj, Marina Harris, Julie M. Morland, Antony B. Wade, Alex R. |
author_sort | Kaestner, Milena |
collection | PubMed |
description | Motion in depth (MID) can be cued by high-resolution changes in binocular disparity over time (CD), and low-resolution interocular velocity differences (IOVD). Computational differences between these two mechanisms suggest that they may be implemented in visual pathways with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Here, we used fMRI to examine how achromatic and S-cone signals contribute to human MID perception. Both CD and IOVD stimuli evoked responses in a widespread network that included early visual areas, parts of the dorsal and ventral streams, and motion-selective area hMT+. Crucially, however, we measured an interaction between MID type and chromaticity. fMRI CD responses were largely driven by achromatic stimuli, but IOVD responses were better driven by isoluminant S-cone inputs. In our psychophysical experiments, when S-cone and achromatic stimuli were matched for perceived contrast, participants were equally sensitive to the MID in achromatic and S-cone IOVD stimuli. In comparison, they were relatively insensitive to S-cone CD. These findings provide evidence that MID mechanisms asymmetrically draw on information in precortical pathways. An early opponent motion signal optimally conveyed by the S-cone pathway may provide a substantial contribution to the IOVD mechanism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6612918 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66129182019-07-15 Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals Kaestner, Milena Maloney, Ryan T. Wailes-Newson, Kirstie H. Bloj, Marina Harris, Julie M. Morland, Antony B. Wade, Alex R. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A PNAS Plus Motion in depth (MID) can be cued by high-resolution changes in binocular disparity over time (CD), and low-resolution interocular velocity differences (IOVD). Computational differences between these two mechanisms suggest that they may be implemented in visual pathways with different spatial and temporal resolutions. Here, we used fMRI to examine how achromatic and S-cone signals contribute to human MID perception. Both CD and IOVD stimuli evoked responses in a widespread network that included early visual areas, parts of the dorsal and ventral streams, and motion-selective area hMT+. Crucially, however, we measured an interaction between MID type and chromaticity. fMRI CD responses were largely driven by achromatic stimuli, but IOVD responses were better driven by isoluminant S-cone inputs. In our psychophysical experiments, when S-cone and achromatic stimuli were matched for perceived contrast, participants were equally sensitive to the MID in achromatic and S-cone IOVD stimuli. In comparison, they were relatively insensitive to S-cone CD. These findings provide evidence that MID mechanisms asymmetrically draw on information in precortical pathways. An early opponent motion signal optimally conveyed by the S-cone pathway may provide a substantial contribution to the IOVD mechanism. National Academy of Sciences 2019-07-02 2019-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC6612918/ /pubmed/31209058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817202116 Text en Copyright © 2019 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | PNAS Plus Kaestner, Milena Maloney, Ryan T. Wailes-Newson, Kirstie H. Bloj, Marina Harris, Julie M. Morland, Antony B. Wade, Alex R. Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title | Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title_full | Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title_fullStr | Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title_full_unstemmed | Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title_short | Asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3D motion signals |
title_sort | asymmetries between achromatic and chromatic extraction of 3d motion signals |
topic | PNAS Plus |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6612918/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31209058 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817202116 |
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