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Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy

Pathogen resistance and development costs are major challenges in current approaches to antiviral therapy. The high error rate of RNA synthesis and reverse‐transcription confers genome plasticity, enabling the remarkable adaptability of RNA viruses to antiviral intervention. However, this property i...

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Autor principal: Heaton, Steven M
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6613463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31312450
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1067
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author Heaton, Steven M
author_facet Heaton, Steven M
author_sort Heaton, Steven M
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description Pathogen resistance and development costs are major challenges in current approaches to antiviral therapy. The high error rate of RNA synthesis and reverse‐transcription confers genome plasticity, enabling the remarkable adaptability of RNA viruses to antiviral intervention. However, this property is coupled to fundamental constraints including limits on the size of information available to manipulate complex hosts into supporting viral replication. Accordingly, RNA viruses employ various means to extract maximum utility from their informationally limited genomes that, correspondingly, may be leveraged for effective host‐oriented therapies. Host‐oriented approaches are becoming increasingly feasible because of increased availability of bioactive compounds and recent advances in immunotherapy and precision medicine, particularly genome editing, targeted delivery methods and RNAi. In turn, one driving force behind these innovations is the increasingly detailed understanding of evolutionarily diverse host–virus interactions, which is the key concern of an emerging field, neo‐virology. This review examines biotechnological solutions to disease and other sustainability issues of our time that leverage the properties of RNA and DNA viruses as developed through co‐evolution with their hosts.
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spelling pubmed-66134632019-07-16 Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy Heaton, Steven M Clin Transl Immunology Special Feature Reviews Pathogen resistance and development costs are major challenges in current approaches to antiviral therapy. The high error rate of RNA synthesis and reverse‐transcription confers genome plasticity, enabling the remarkable adaptability of RNA viruses to antiviral intervention. However, this property is coupled to fundamental constraints including limits on the size of information available to manipulate complex hosts into supporting viral replication. Accordingly, RNA viruses employ various means to extract maximum utility from their informationally limited genomes that, correspondingly, may be leveraged for effective host‐oriented therapies. Host‐oriented approaches are becoming increasingly feasible because of increased availability of bioactive compounds and recent advances in immunotherapy and precision medicine, particularly genome editing, targeted delivery methods and RNAi. In turn, one driving force behind these innovations is the increasingly detailed understanding of evolutionarily diverse host–virus interactions, which is the key concern of an emerging field, neo‐virology. This review examines biotechnological solutions to disease and other sustainability issues of our time that leverage the properties of RNA and DNA viruses as developed through co‐evolution with their hosts. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC6613463/ /pubmed/31312450 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1067 Text en © 2019 The Author. Clinical & Translational Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Australian and New Zealand Society for Immunology Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Special Feature Reviews
Heaton, Steven M
Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title_full Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title_fullStr Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title_full_unstemmed Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title_short Harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
title_sort harnessing host–virus evolution in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
topic Special Feature Reviews
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6613463/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31312450
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1067
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