Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Property of Mandillo, Crassocephalum macropappum (Sch.Bip. ex. A.Rich.) S.Moore

The object of this study was to analyze the major bioactive components and to evaluate biological activity of Mandillo [Crassocephalum macropappum (Sch.Bip. ex. A.Rich.) S. Moore], an Ethiopian endemic herbaceous plant. The stem, leaf, and aerial parts of this plant were separately extracted using different solvents before which various biological assays were performed. The ethanolic extract of aerial part showed the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents (101.48 mg gallic acid equivalents/g and 293.25 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively). Interestingly, a phytochemical screening assay revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, anthraquinones, steroids, terpenoids, and flavonoids in the aerial part. The aerial part was also shown to have a strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl scavenging potential (IC(50)≤100 μg/mL) and a promising protective activity against oxidative DNA damage. Thus, the results of the present study reveal Mandillo contains highly bioactive components, and these properties may be as an antioxidant and to prevent oxidative DNA damage.