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Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview
Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which has been increasingly reported in athletes, especially American football players, as well as military veterans in combat settings, commonly as a result of repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). CTE ha...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2019
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6616127/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31333567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00713 |
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author | Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman |
author_facet | Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman |
author_sort | Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman |
collection | PubMed |
description | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which has been increasingly reported in athletes, especially American football players, as well as military veterans in combat settings, commonly as a result of repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). CTE has a unique neuropathological signature comprised of accumulation of phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in sulci and peri-vascular regions, microgliosis, and astrocytosis. As per most recent disease classification, the disease manifests itself in four different stages, characterized by widespread tauopathy. Clinically, CTE has a more subtle presentation, as patients often present with two distinct phenotypes, with one subtype initially presenting with affective changes, and the other subtype with more cognitive impairment. On a genetic basis, there are no clear risk factor genes. Although ApoE4 carriers have been reported to suffer more severe outcome post TBI. As there are no disease modifying regimen for CTE, the newly developed TBI treatments, if administered in a time sensitive manner, can offer a potential viable option. Prevention is another key strategy that needs to be implemented in various sports and military settings. Providing education for safe practice techniques, such as safe tackling and hitting, and providing ready access to full neuropsychiatric assessment by team physician could have measurable benefits. The combination of advanced of research techniques including neuroimaging, as well as increasing public awareness of CTE, offers promising vistas for research advancement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6616127 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66161272019-07-22 Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman Front Neurol Neurology Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease, which has been increasingly reported in athletes, especially American football players, as well as military veterans in combat settings, commonly as a result of repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). CTE has a unique neuropathological signature comprised of accumulation of phosphorylated tau (p-tau) in sulci and peri-vascular regions, microgliosis, and astrocytosis. As per most recent disease classification, the disease manifests itself in four different stages, characterized by widespread tauopathy. Clinically, CTE has a more subtle presentation, as patients often present with two distinct phenotypes, with one subtype initially presenting with affective changes, and the other subtype with more cognitive impairment. On a genetic basis, there are no clear risk factor genes. Although ApoE4 carriers have been reported to suffer more severe outcome post TBI. As there are no disease modifying regimen for CTE, the newly developed TBI treatments, if administered in a time sensitive manner, can offer a potential viable option. Prevention is another key strategy that needs to be implemented in various sports and military settings. Providing education for safe practice techniques, such as safe tackling and hitting, and providing ready access to full neuropsychiatric assessment by team physician could have measurable benefits. The combination of advanced of research techniques including neuroimaging, as well as increasing public awareness of CTE, offers promising vistas for research advancement. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC6616127/ /pubmed/31333567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00713 Text en Copyright © 2019 Fesharaki-Zadeh. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Neurology Fesharaki-Zadeh, Arman Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title_full | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title_fullStr | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title_full_unstemmed | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title_short | Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: A Brief Overview |
title_sort | chronic traumatic encephalopathy: a brief overview |
topic | Neurology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6616127/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31333567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2019.00713 |
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