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Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity

This study is the first to evaluate oxidative stress biomarkers in saliva/blood of patients with varying degrees of dementia progression. The study included 50 healthy controls and 50 dementia patients divided into two groups: those with mild and moderate dementia (MMSE 11–23) and patients suffering...

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Autores principales: Klimiuk, Anna, Maciejczyk, Mateusz, Choromańska, Magdalena, Fejfer, Katarzyna, Waszkiewicz, Napoleon, Zalewska, Anna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6617318/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31212834
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060840
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author Klimiuk, Anna
Maciejczyk, Mateusz
Choromańska, Magdalena
Fejfer, Katarzyna
Waszkiewicz, Napoleon
Zalewska, Anna
author_facet Klimiuk, Anna
Maciejczyk, Mateusz
Choromańska, Magdalena
Fejfer, Katarzyna
Waszkiewicz, Napoleon
Zalewska, Anna
author_sort Klimiuk, Anna
collection PubMed
description This study is the first to evaluate oxidative stress biomarkers in saliva/blood of patients with varying degrees of dementia progression. The study included 50 healthy controls and 50 dementia patients divided into two groups: those with mild and moderate dementia (MMSE 11–23) and patients suffering from severe dementia (MMSE 0–10). Cognitive functions of the subjects were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative damage products and protein glycoxidative modifications were determined in non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) saliva as well as erythrocyte/plasma samples. Generally, in dementia patients, we observed the depletion of antioxidant defences leading to oxidative and glycoxidative damage in NWS, SWS and blood samples. Both salivary and blood oxidative stress increased with the severity of the disease, and correlated with a decrease of cognitive functions. Interestingly, in dementia patients, reduced glutathione (GSH) in NWS correlated not only with the severity of dementia, but also with GSH concentration in the plasma. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we have demonstrated that salivary GSH clearly distinguishes patients with severe dementia from those suffering from mild or moderate dementia (area under the curve (AUC) = 1). Therefore, salivary GSH can be used as a non-invasive biomarker of cognitive impairment.
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spelling pubmed-66173182019-07-18 Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity Klimiuk, Anna Maciejczyk, Mateusz Choromańska, Magdalena Fejfer, Katarzyna Waszkiewicz, Napoleon Zalewska, Anna J Clin Med Article This study is the first to evaluate oxidative stress biomarkers in saliva/blood of patients with varying degrees of dementia progression. The study included 50 healthy controls and 50 dementia patients divided into two groups: those with mild and moderate dementia (MMSE 11–23) and patients suffering from severe dementia (MMSE 0–10). Cognitive functions of the subjects were assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, oxidative damage products and protein glycoxidative modifications were determined in non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) saliva as well as erythrocyte/plasma samples. Generally, in dementia patients, we observed the depletion of antioxidant defences leading to oxidative and glycoxidative damage in NWS, SWS and blood samples. Both salivary and blood oxidative stress increased with the severity of the disease, and correlated with a decrease of cognitive functions. Interestingly, in dementia patients, reduced glutathione (GSH) in NWS correlated not only with the severity of dementia, but also with GSH concentration in the plasma. In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, we have demonstrated that salivary GSH clearly distinguishes patients with severe dementia from those suffering from mild or moderate dementia (area under the curve (AUC) = 1). Therefore, salivary GSH can be used as a non-invasive biomarker of cognitive impairment. MDPI 2019-06-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6617318/ /pubmed/31212834 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060840 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Klimiuk, Anna
Maciejczyk, Mateusz
Choromańska, Magdalena
Fejfer, Katarzyna
Waszkiewicz, Napoleon
Zalewska, Anna
Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title_full Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title_fullStr Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title_full_unstemmed Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title_short Salivary Redox Biomarkers in Different Stages of Dementia Severity
title_sort salivary redox biomarkers in different stages of dementia severity
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6617318/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31212834
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8060840
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