Coagulation Biomarkers in Women with Recurrent Miscarriage and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction Pregnant women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) have high risk of pregnancy loss. Pathophysiological mechanisms appear to be associated with obesity, hormonal factors, or blood clotting disorders. Our aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the relationship between coagulation disorders and risk of recurrent miscarriage (RM) in patients with PCOS and to identify coagulation biomarkers for this condition. Material and Methods PubMed and MEDLINE databases were searched for publications in English language. The search terms used included “RM”, “polycystic ovary syndrome”, “coagulation disorders”, and “thrombophilia”. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for miscarriage in different RM groups (with and without PCOS). Results A total of 575 publications including the search terms were identified. Six studies were included for qualitative analysis, and five were included for quantitative analysis (meta-analysis). We found no association between RM and inherited thrombophilias in patients with PCOS: (1) Factor V Leiden (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.38 – 1.45; p = 0.38); (2) C677T methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism (MTHFR) (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.64 – 1.59; p = 0.97); and (3) A1297C MTHFR polymorphism (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.62 – 1.89; p = 0.77). Other potential biomarkers were identified, with emphasis on plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1. Conclusion Data available in the current literature revealed that there was no association between RM and inherited thrombophilias in patients with PCOS. RM patients with PCOS have a high risk of thromboembolic events.