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Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing

Physical fractionation methods used in soil organic matter (SOM) research commonly include density-based procedures with heavy liquids to separate SOM pools with varying turnover rates and functions. Once separated, the heavy SOM pools are often thoroughly rinsed with water to wash off any residues...

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Autores principales: Plaza, César, Giannetta, Beatrice, Benavente, Iria, Vischetti, Costantino, Zaccone, Claudio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31300692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46577-y
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author Plaza, César
Giannetta, Beatrice
Benavente, Iria
Vischetti, Costantino
Zaccone, Claudio
author_facet Plaza, César
Giannetta, Beatrice
Benavente, Iria
Vischetti, Costantino
Zaccone, Claudio
author_sort Plaza, César
collection PubMed
description Physical fractionation methods used in soil organic matter (SOM) research commonly include density-based procedures with heavy liquids to separate SOM pools with varying turnover rates and functions. Once separated, the heavy SOM pools are often thoroughly rinsed with water to wash off any residues of the heavy liquids. Using four soils with contrasting properties, we investigated the effects of using either sodium polytungstate (SPT) or sodium iodide (NaI), two of the most commonly used heavy liquids, on the distribution of organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) in free light, intra-aggregate light, and mineral-associated heavy SOM pools isolated by a common fractionation scheme. We also determined the effects of washing the mineral-associated heavy SOM fractions on the recovery of organic C and total N after separation. Because of its smaller viscosity compared to that of NaI, SPT consistently yielded greater intra-aggregate and smaller mineral-associated soil organic C contents. We also confirm that some commercial SPT products, such as the one used here, can contaminate organo-mineral heavy pools with N during density-based fractionation procedures. We do not recommend the repeated washing of heavy fractions separated with Na-based heavy liquids, as this can mobilize SOM.
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spelling pubmed-66260572019-07-21 Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing Plaza, César Giannetta, Beatrice Benavente, Iria Vischetti, Costantino Zaccone, Claudio Sci Rep Article Physical fractionation methods used in soil organic matter (SOM) research commonly include density-based procedures with heavy liquids to separate SOM pools with varying turnover rates and functions. Once separated, the heavy SOM pools are often thoroughly rinsed with water to wash off any residues of the heavy liquids. Using four soils with contrasting properties, we investigated the effects of using either sodium polytungstate (SPT) or sodium iodide (NaI), two of the most commonly used heavy liquids, on the distribution of organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) in free light, intra-aggregate light, and mineral-associated heavy SOM pools isolated by a common fractionation scheme. We also determined the effects of washing the mineral-associated heavy SOM fractions on the recovery of organic C and total N after separation. Because of its smaller viscosity compared to that of NaI, SPT consistently yielded greater intra-aggregate and smaller mineral-associated soil organic C contents. We also confirm that some commercial SPT products, such as the one used here, can contaminate organo-mineral heavy pools with N during density-based fractionation procedures. We do not recommend the repeated washing of heavy fractions separated with Na-based heavy liquids, as this can mobilize SOM. Nature Publishing Group UK 2019-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC6626057/ /pubmed/31300692 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46577-y Text en © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Plaza, César
Giannetta, Beatrice
Benavente, Iria
Vischetti, Costantino
Zaccone, Claudio
Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title_full Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title_fullStr Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title_full_unstemmed Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title_short Density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
title_sort density-based fractionation of soil organic matter: effects of heavy liquid and heavy fraction washing
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626057/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31300692
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-46577-y
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