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Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures

Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex and regulate cell metabolism in a variety of organs. This occurs either directly, by acting on specific receptors in a variety of cells, or by stimulating catecholamine expression within neighbor cells of the adrenal medulla. In this way, the whole...

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Autores principales: Busceti, Carla L., Ferese, Rosangela, Bucci, Domenico, Ryskalin, Larisa, Gambardella, Stefano, Madonna, Michele, Nicoletti, Ferdinando, Fornai, Francesco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31197099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122901
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author Busceti, Carla L.
Ferese, Rosangela
Bucci, Domenico
Ryskalin, Larisa
Gambardella, Stefano
Madonna, Michele
Nicoletti, Ferdinando
Fornai, Francesco
author_facet Busceti, Carla L.
Ferese, Rosangela
Bucci, Domenico
Ryskalin, Larisa
Gambardella, Stefano
Madonna, Michele
Nicoletti, Ferdinando
Fornai, Francesco
author_sort Busceti, Carla L.
collection PubMed
description Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex and regulate cell metabolism in a variety of organs. This occurs either directly, by acting on specific receptors in a variety of cells, or by stimulating catecholamine expression within neighbor cells of the adrenal medulla. In this way, the whole adrenal gland may support specific metabolic requirements to cope with stressful conditions from external environment or internal organs. In addition, glucocorticoid levels may increase significantly in the presence of inappropriate secretion from adrenal cortex or may be administered at high doses to treat inflammatory disorders. In these conditions, metabolic alterations and increased blood pressure may occur, although altered sleep-waking cycle, anxiety, and mood disorders are frequent. These latter symptoms remain unexplained at the molecular level, although they overlap remarkably with disorders affecting catecholamine nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation. In fact, the present study indicates that various doses of glucocorticoids alter the expression of genes and proteins, which are specific for reticular catecholamine neurons. In detail, corticosterone administration to organotypic mouse brainstem cultures significantly increases Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Dopamine transporter (DAT), while Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is not affected. On the other hand, Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase (DBH) increases only after very high doses of corticosterone.
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spelling pubmed-66271382019-07-19 Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures Busceti, Carla L. Ferese, Rosangela Bucci, Domenico Ryskalin, Larisa Gambardella, Stefano Madonna, Michele Nicoletti, Ferdinando Fornai, Francesco Int J Mol Sci Article Glucocorticoids are produced by the adrenal cortex and regulate cell metabolism in a variety of organs. This occurs either directly, by acting on specific receptors in a variety of cells, or by stimulating catecholamine expression within neighbor cells of the adrenal medulla. In this way, the whole adrenal gland may support specific metabolic requirements to cope with stressful conditions from external environment or internal organs. In addition, glucocorticoid levels may increase significantly in the presence of inappropriate secretion from adrenal cortex or may be administered at high doses to treat inflammatory disorders. In these conditions, metabolic alterations and increased blood pressure may occur, although altered sleep-waking cycle, anxiety, and mood disorders are frequent. These latter symptoms remain unexplained at the molecular level, although they overlap remarkably with disorders affecting catecholamine nuclei of the brainstem reticular formation. In fact, the present study indicates that various doses of glucocorticoids alter the expression of genes and proteins, which are specific for reticular catecholamine neurons. In detail, corticosterone administration to organotypic mouse brainstem cultures significantly increases Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and Dopamine transporter (DAT), while Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is not affected. On the other hand, Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase (DBH) increases only after very high doses of corticosterone. MDPI 2019-06-14 /pmc/articles/PMC6627138/ /pubmed/31197099 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122901 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Busceti, Carla L.
Ferese, Rosangela
Bucci, Domenico
Ryskalin, Larisa
Gambardella, Stefano
Madonna, Michele
Nicoletti, Ferdinando
Fornai, Francesco
Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title_full Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title_fullStr Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title_full_unstemmed Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title_short Corticosterone Upregulates Gene and Protein Expression of Catecholamine Markers in Organotypic Brainstem Cultures
title_sort corticosterone upregulates gene and protein expression of catecholamine markers in organotypic brainstem cultures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627138/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31197099
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20122901
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