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Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective

Glucoregulatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes are currently a key public health priority. Public health messages have started to include the addition of water in their dietary guidelines. Such guidelines however are not based on causal evidence pertaining to the health effects of increased water...

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Autores principales: Carroll, Harriet A., James, Lewis J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627358/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31141915
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061201
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author Carroll, Harriet A.
James, Lewis J.
author_facet Carroll, Harriet A.
James, Lewis J.
author_sort Carroll, Harriet A.
collection PubMed
description Glucoregulatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes are currently a key public health priority. Public health messages have started to include the addition of water in their dietary guidelines. Such guidelines however are not based on causal evidence pertaining to the health effects of increased water intake, but rather more heavily based upon non-causal or mechanistic data. One line of thinking linking fluid intake and health is that hypohydration induces elevated blood concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Research in the 1970s and 1980s implicated AVP in glucoregulation, supported by observational evidence. This important area of research subsequently appeared to stop until the 21st century during which interest in hypertonic saline infusion studies, animal AVP receptor knockout models, dietary and genetic associations, and human interventions manipulating hydration status have resurged. This narrative review briefly describes and critically evaluates the usefulness of the current AVP-glucoregulatory research. We offer suggestions on how to test the independent glucoregulatory effects of body water changes compared to elevated circulating AVP concentrations, such as investigating hydration manipulations using 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Whilst much research is still needed before making firm conclusions, the current evidence suggests that although AVP may be partially implicated in glucoregulation, more ecologically valid models using human participants suggests this effect might be independent of the hydration status. The key implication of this hypothesis if confirmed in future research is that manipulating the hydration status to reduce circulating AVP concentrations may not be an effective method to improve glucoregulatory health.
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spelling pubmed-66273582019-07-23 Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective Carroll, Harriet A. James, Lewis J. Nutrients Review Glucoregulatory diseases, such as type 2 diabetes are currently a key public health priority. Public health messages have started to include the addition of water in their dietary guidelines. Such guidelines however are not based on causal evidence pertaining to the health effects of increased water intake, but rather more heavily based upon non-causal or mechanistic data. One line of thinking linking fluid intake and health is that hypohydration induces elevated blood concentrations of arginine vasopressin (AVP). Research in the 1970s and 1980s implicated AVP in glucoregulation, supported by observational evidence. This important area of research subsequently appeared to stop until the 21st century during which interest in hypertonic saline infusion studies, animal AVP receptor knockout models, dietary and genetic associations, and human interventions manipulating hydration status have resurged. This narrative review briefly describes and critically evaluates the usefulness of the current AVP-glucoregulatory research. We offer suggestions on how to test the independent glucoregulatory effects of body water changes compared to elevated circulating AVP concentrations, such as investigating hydration manipulations using 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine. Whilst much research is still needed before making firm conclusions, the current evidence suggests that although AVP may be partially implicated in glucoregulation, more ecologically valid models using human participants suggests this effect might be independent of the hydration status. The key implication of this hypothesis if confirmed in future research is that manipulating the hydration status to reduce circulating AVP concentrations may not be an effective method to improve glucoregulatory health. MDPI 2019-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC6627358/ /pubmed/31141915 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061201 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Carroll, Harriet A.
James, Lewis J.
Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title_full Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title_fullStr Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title_full_unstemmed Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title_short Hydration, Arginine Vasopressin, and Glucoregulatory Health in Humans: A Critical Perspective
title_sort hydration, arginine vasopressin, and glucoregulatory health in humans: a critical perspective
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627358/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31141915
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11061201
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