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The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer
Metabolic programs are known to be altered in cancers arising from various tissues. Malignant transformation can alter signaling pathways related to metabolism and increase the demand for both energy and biomass for the proliferating cancerous cells. This scenario is further complexed by the crossta...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31167399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060770 |
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author | Bott, Alex J. Maimouni, Sara Zong, Wei-Xing |
author_facet | Bott, Alex J. Maimouni, Sara Zong, Wei-Xing |
author_sort | Bott, Alex J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Metabolic programs are known to be altered in cancers arising from various tissues. Malignant transformation can alter signaling pathways related to metabolism and increase the demand for both energy and biomass for the proliferating cancerous cells. This scenario is further complexed by the crosstalk between transformed cells and the microenvironment. One of the most common metabolic alterations, which occurs in many tissues and in the context of multiple oncogenic drivers, is the increased demand for the amino acid glutamine. Many studies have attributed this increased demand for glutamine to the carbon backbone and its role in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle anaplerosis. However, an increasing number of studies are now emphasizing the importance of glutamine functioning as a proteogenic building block, a nitrogen donor and carrier, an exchanger for import of other amino acids, and a signaling molecule. Herein, we highlight the recent literature on glutamine’s versatile role in cancer, with a focus on nitrogen metabolism, and therapeutic implications of glutamine metabolism in cancer. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6627534 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66275342019-07-23 The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer Bott, Alex J. Maimouni, Sara Zong, Wei-Xing Cancers (Basel) Review Metabolic programs are known to be altered in cancers arising from various tissues. Malignant transformation can alter signaling pathways related to metabolism and increase the demand for both energy and biomass for the proliferating cancerous cells. This scenario is further complexed by the crosstalk between transformed cells and the microenvironment. One of the most common metabolic alterations, which occurs in many tissues and in the context of multiple oncogenic drivers, is the increased demand for the amino acid glutamine. Many studies have attributed this increased demand for glutamine to the carbon backbone and its role in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle anaplerosis. However, an increasing number of studies are now emphasizing the importance of glutamine functioning as a proteogenic building block, a nitrogen donor and carrier, an exchanger for import of other amino acids, and a signaling molecule. Herein, we highlight the recent literature on glutamine’s versatile role in cancer, with a focus on nitrogen metabolism, and therapeutic implications of glutamine metabolism in cancer. MDPI 2019-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC6627534/ /pubmed/31167399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060770 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Bott, Alex J. Maimouni, Sara Zong, Wei-Xing The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title | The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title_full | The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title_fullStr | The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed | The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title_short | The Pleiotropic Effects of Glutamine Metabolism in Cancer |
title_sort | pleiotropic effects of glutamine metabolism in cancer |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6627534/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31167399 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060770 |
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