Identification and Virulence Characterization of Two Akanthomyces attenuatus Isolates Against Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall) is one of the most harmful pests of leguminous plants. In order to expand our knowledge on the infection of M. usitatus by entomopathogenic fungi, two newly identified isolates of Akanthomyces attenuatus (Zare & Gams) were tested for their pathogenicity against M. usitatus. Both isolates of A. attenuatus (SCAUDCL-38 and SCAUDCL-56) were isolated from soil and were identified by morphological and molecular analyses. The adult females of M. usitatus were treated with five different concentrations (1 × 10(4), 1 × 10(5), 1 × 10(6), 1 × 10(7), and 1 × 10(8) conidia/mL) of the isolates. Our results revealed 76.25% and 57.5% mortality of M. usitatus after five days of treatment with 1 × 10(8) conidia/mL of SCAUDCL-38 and SCAUDCL-56, respectively. The median lethal concentrations (LC(50)) of SCAUDCL-38 and SCAUDCL-56 calculated through linear regression analysis after five days of fungal treatment of M. usitatus were 1.9 × 10(6) and 1.5 × 10(7) conidia/mL, respectively, whereas the median lethal time (LT(50)) observed for 1 × 10(8) conidia/mL of SCAUDCL-38 and SCAUDCL-56 were 3.52 days and 4.9 days, respectively. A. attenuatus isolates SCAUDCL-38 and SCAUDCL-56 are highly pathogenic strains of M. usitatus. These findings offer valuable information on the development and commercialization of alternative control measures against M. usitatus.