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Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods

Photothermal therapy can serve as an alternative to classic surgery in the treatment of patients with cancer. However, using photothermal therapy can result in local overheating and damage to normal tissues. Therefore, it is important to determine effective heating conditions based on heat transfer....

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Autores principales: Kim, Moojoong, Kim, Gwantaek, Kim, Donghyuk, Yoo, Jaisuk, Kim, Dong-Kwon, Kim, Hyunjung
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6628363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31159342
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060764
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author Kim, Moojoong
Kim, Gwantaek
Kim, Donghyuk
Yoo, Jaisuk
Kim, Dong-Kwon
Kim, Hyunjung
author_facet Kim, Moojoong
Kim, Gwantaek
Kim, Donghyuk
Yoo, Jaisuk
Kim, Dong-Kwon
Kim, Hyunjung
author_sort Kim, Moojoong
collection PubMed
description Photothermal therapy can serve as an alternative to classic surgery in the treatment of patients with cancer. However, using photothermal therapy can result in local overheating and damage to normal tissues. Therefore, it is important to determine effective heating conditions based on heat transfer. In this study, we analyzed laser–tissue interactions in gold nanoparticle (GNP)-enhanced photothermal therapy based on the theory of heat transfer. The thermal behavior inside tissues during photothermal therapy was analyzed using numerical analysis. The apoptosis ratio was defined by deriving the area having a temperature distribution between 43 °C and 50 °C, which is required for inducing apoptosis. Thermal damage, caused by local heating, was defined using the thermal hazard value. Using this approach, we confirmed that apoptosis can be predicted with respect to tumor size (aspect ratio) and heating conditions (laser intensity and radius) in photothermal therapy with a continuous-wave laser. Finally, we determined the effective apoptosis ratio and thermal hazard value of normal tissue according to tumor size and heating conditions, thereby establishing conditions for inducing maximal levels of cell apoptosis with minimal damage to normal tissue. The optimization conditions proposed in this study can be a gentle and effective treatment option for photothermal therapy.
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spelling pubmed-66283632019-07-23 Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods Kim, Moojoong Kim, Gwantaek Kim, Donghyuk Yoo, Jaisuk Kim, Dong-Kwon Kim, Hyunjung Cancers (Basel) Article Photothermal therapy can serve as an alternative to classic surgery in the treatment of patients with cancer. However, using photothermal therapy can result in local overheating and damage to normal tissues. Therefore, it is important to determine effective heating conditions based on heat transfer. In this study, we analyzed laser–tissue interactions in gold nanoparticle (GNP)-enhanced photothermal therapy based on the theory of heat transfer. The thermal behavior inside tissues during photothermal therapy was analyzed using numerical analysis. The apoptosis ratio was defined by deriving the area having a temperature distribution between 43 °C and 50 °C, which is required for inducing apoptosis. Thermal damage, caused by local heating, was defined using the thermal hazard value. Using this approach, we confirmed that apoptosis can be predicted with respect to tumor size (aspect ratio) and heating conditions (laser intensity and radius) in photothermal therapy with a continuous-wave laser. Finally, we determined the effective apoptosis ratio and thermal hazard value of normal tissue according to tumor size and heating conditions, thereby establishing conditions for inducing maximal levels of cell apoptosis with minimal damage to normal tissue. The optimization conditions proposed in this study can be a gentle and effective treatment option for photothermal therapy. MDPI 2019-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC6628363/ /pubmed/31159342 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060764 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Moojoong
Kim, Gwantaek
Kim, Donghyuk
Yoo, Jaisuk
Kim, Dong-Kwon
Kim, Hyunjung
Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title_full Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title_fullStr Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title_full_unstemmed Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title_short Numerical Study on Effective Conditions for the Induction of Apoptotic Temperatures for Various Tumor Aspect Ratios Using a Single Continuous-Wave Laser in Photothermal Therapy Using Gold Nanorods
title_sort numerical study on effective conditions for the induction of apoptotic temperatures for various tumor aspect ratios using a single continuous-wave laser in photothermal therapy using gold nanorods
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6628363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31159342
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11060764
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