Comparative evaluation of growth factors from platelet concentrates: An in vitro study

AIM: The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate the various growth factors released for a period of 23 days from platelet rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet rich fibrin matrix (PRFM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 15 systemically healthy controls were recruited and 10 ml of blood sample was withdrawn from the individual. Following the standard centrifugation protocol, PRF and PRFM were prepared. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), transforming growth factor (TGF), and insulin growth factor (IGF) were evaluated for 23 days. RESULTS: The PDGF released from PRFM was statistically significant from PRF till the 15(th) day of release. The VEGF too had an increased release up till the 15(th) day from PRFM group as compared to PRF, but no statistically significant difference could be obtained. EGF from the 15(th) day to 23(rd) day had a greater release from PRFM group as compared to PRF group. FGF from 7(th) day to 23(rd) day had statistically significant difference in the PRFM group as compared to PRF group. TGF and IGF had statistically significant difference in PRFM group as compared to PRF group from 11(th) day to 23(rd) day and 1(st) to 17(th) day, respectively. CONCLUSION: The initial and robust release of GFs was seen in PRFM group at earlier days, whereas a steady and constant release of six GFs could be appreciated from PRF group upto 23(rd) day. Therefore, for a rapid and early healing and regeneration, both the platelet concentrates can be utilized in periodontal therapy.