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Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior

Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have long-lasting effects on a child’s socio-emotional and neurological development. Research has focused on the effects of IPV on women or older children, while the developmental consequences of exposure to domestic violence during early childhood are...

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Autores principales: Mueller, Isabelle, Tronick, Ed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6629780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31338031
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00156
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author Mueller, Isabelle
Tronick, Ed
author_facet Mueller, Isabelle
Tronick, Ed
author_sort Mueller, Isabelle
collection PubMed
description Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have long-lasting effects on a child’s socio-emotional and neurological development. Research has focused on the effects of IPV on women or older children, while the developmental consequences of exposure to domestic violence during early childhood are less well documented. However, one would expect significant developmental effects since the infant’s brain and stress-related systems are especially susceptible to environmental stimuli. The goal of this mini-review is to examine how findings on infant exposure to IPV can be related to risk and resilience of development in infancy. We describe the known effects of witnessing violence during the perinatal period on socio-emotional development and the possible pathways by which IPV affects brain and stress-regulating systems. Exposure to IPV during infancy disrupts the infant’s emotional and cognitive development, the development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and brain structures related to witnessing itself (auditory and visual cortex). The findings are embedded in the context of the resource depletion hypothesis. A central problem is the dearth of research on exposure to IPV during infancy, its effect on caregiving, and infant development. Nonetheless, the available evidence makes it clear that policies for prevention of IPV are critically needed.
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spelling pubmed-66297802019-07-23 Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior Mueller, Isabelle Tronick, Ed Front Behav Neurosci Neuroscience Exposure to intimate partner violence (IPV) can have long-lasting effects on a child’s socio-emotional and neurological development. Research has focused on the effects of IPV on women or older children, while the developmental consequences of exposure to domestic violence during early childhood are less well documented. However, one would expect significant developmental effects since the infant’s brain and stress-related systems are especially susceptible to environmental stimuli. The goal of this mini-review is to examine how findings on infant exposure to IPV can be related to risk and resilience of development in infancy. We describe the known effects of witnessing violence during the perinatal period on socio-emotional development and the possible pathways by which IPV affects brain and stress-regulating systems. Exposure to IPV during infancy disrupts the infant’s emotional and cognitive development, the development of the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and brain structures related to witnessing itself (auditory and visual cortex). The findings are embedded in the context of the resource depletion hypothesis. A central problem is the dearth of research on exposure to IPV during infancy, its effect on caregiving, and infant development. Nonetheless, the available evidence makes it clear that policies for prevention of IPV are critically needed. Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-07-09 /pmc/articles/PMC6629780/ /pubmed/31338031 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00156 Text en Copyright © 2019 Mueller and Tronick. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Mueller, Isabelle
Tronick, Ed
Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title_full Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title_fullStr Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title_full_unstemmed Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title_short Early Life Exposure to Violence: Developmental Consequences on Brain and Behavior
title_sort early life exposure to violence: developmental consequences on brain and behavior
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6629780/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31338031
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00156
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