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Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with cholinergic dysfunctions and impaired redox homeostasis. The plant Centella asiatica (CA) is renowned for its nutritional benefits and herbal formulas for promoting health, enhancing cognition, and its neuroprotective effects....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30935005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020019 |
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author | Chiroma, Samaila Musa Baharuldin, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Mat Taib, Che Norma Amom, Zulkhairi Jagadeesan, Saravanan Ilham Adenan, Mohd Mahdi, Onesimus Moklas, Mohamad Aris Mohd |
author_facet | Chiroma, Samaila Musa Baharuldin, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Mat Taib, Che Norma Amom, Zulkhairi Jagadeesan, Saravanan Ilham Adenan, Mohd Mahdi, Onesimus Moklas, Mohamad Aris Mohd |
author_sort | Chiroma, Samaila Musa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with cholinergic dysfunctions and impaired redox homeostasis. The plant Centella asiatica (CA) is renowned for its nutritional benefits and herbal formulas for promoting health, enhancing cognition, and its neuroprotective effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective role of CA on D-gal/AlCl(3)-induced cognitive deficits in rats. The rats were divided into six groups and administered with donepezil 1 mg/kg/day, CA (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day) and D-gal 60 mg/kg/day + AlCl(3) 200 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. The ethology of the rats was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex of the rats’ was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Rats administered with D-gal/AlCl(3) exhibited cognitive deficits, decreased activities of SOD, and marked increase in AChE and MDA levels. Further, prominent alterations in the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex were observed. Conversely, co-administration of CA with D-gal/AlCl(3) improved cognitive impairment, decreased AChE levels, attenuated the oxidative stress in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, and prevented ultrastructural alteration of neurons in the prefrontal cortex. Irrespective of the dose of CA administered, the protective effects were comparable to donepezil. In conclusion, this study suggests that CA attenuated the cognitive deficits in rats by restoring cholinergic function, attenuating oxidative stress, and preventing the morphological aberrations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-6630231 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2019 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-66302312019-08-19 Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level Chiroma, Samaila Musa Baharuldin, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Mat Taib, Che Norma Amom, Zulkhairi Jagadeesan, Saravanan Ilham Adenan, Mohd Mahdi, Onesimus Moklas, Mohamad Aris Mohd Toxics Article Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with cholinergic dysfunctions and impaired redox homeostasis. The plant Centella asiatica (CA) is renowned for its nutritional benefits and herbal formulas for promoting health, enhancing cognition, and its neuroprotective effects. The present study aims to investigate the protective role of CA on D-gal/AlCl(3)-induced cognitive deficits in rats. The rats were divided into six groups and administered with donepezil 1 mg/kg/day, CA (200, 400, and 800 mg/kg/day) and D-gal 60 mg/kg/day + AlCl(3) 200 mg/kg/day for 10 weeks. The ethology of the rats was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), phosphorylated tau (P-tau), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex of the rats’ was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Rats administered with D-gal/AlCl(3) exhibited cognitive deficits, decreased activities of SOD, and marked increase in AChE and MDA levels. Further, prominent alterations in the ultrastructure of the prefrontal cortex were observed. Conversely, co-administration of CA with D-gal/AlCl(3) improved cognitive impairment, decreased AChE levels, attenuated the oxidative stress in hippocampus and cerebral cortex, and prevented ultrastructural alteration of neurons in the prefrontal cortex. Irrespective of the dose of CA administered, the protective effects were comparable to donepezil. In conclusion, this study suggests that CA attenuated the cognitive deficits in rats by restoring cholinergic function, attenuating oxidative stress, and preventing the morphological aberrations. MDPI 2019-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC6630231/ /pubmed/30935005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020019 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Chiroma, Samaila Musa Baharuldin, Mohamad Taufik Hidayat Mat Taib, Che Norma Amom, Zulkhairi Jagadeesan, Saravanan Ilham Adenan, Mohd Mahdi, Onesimus Moklas, Mohamad Aris Mohd Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title | Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title_full | Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title_fullStr | Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title_full_unstemmed | Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title_short | Protective Effects of Centella asiatica on Cognitive Deficits Induced by D-gal/AlCl(3) via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Attenuation of Acetylcholinesterase Level |
title_sort | protective effects of centella asiatica on cognitive deficits induced by d-gal/alcl(3) via inhibition of oxidative stress and attenuation of acetylcholinesterase level |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630231/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30935005 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7020019 |
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