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Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped partial double-stranded DNA virus that can cause acute and chronic hepatitis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 257 million people are living with HBV. Moreover, 20,900 acute hepatitis B...

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Autores principales: Al-Sadeq, Duaa W., Taleb, Sara A., Zaied, Roan E., Fahad, Sara M., Smatti, Maria K., Rizeq, Balsam R., Al Thani, Asmaa A., Yassine, Hadi M., Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31083509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020063
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author Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
Taleb, Sara A.
Zaied, Roan E.
Fahad, Sara M.
Smatti, Maria K.
Rizeq, Balsam R.
Al Thani, Asmaa A.
Yassine, Hadi M.
Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
author_facet Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
Taleb, Sara A.
Zaied, Roan E.
Fahad, Sara M.
Smatti, Maria K.
Rizeq, Balsam R.
Al Thani, Asmaa A.
Yassine, Hadi M.
Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
author_sort Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
collection PubMed
description Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped partial double-stranded DNA virus that can cause acute and chronic hepatitis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 257 million people are living with HBV. Moreover, 20,900 acute hepatitis B cases were reported in 2016. Hepatitis B is highly prevalent in the African, Western Pacific, Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia, and European regions, respectively. Due to the high mutational rate of HBV and lack of reverse transcriptase proofreading activity, ten different genotypes with different geographical distributions have been identified. HBV pathogenesis and severity of infection depend on several host and viral factors, particularly, the genetic variability of both the host and virus. Although HBV infection is a global health concern, there is a lack of adequate studies and reports in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Here, we provide a review on HBV epidemiology, pathogenesis, host–pathogen interactions, coinfection with selected viruses, and laboratory diagnosis, focusing on studies conducted in the MENA region to determine the current situation of the HBV infection and outline the future study areas.
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spelling pubmed-66306712019-08-19 Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update Al-Sadeq, Duaa W. Taleb, Sara A. Zaied, Roan E. Fahad, Sara M. Smatti, Maria K. Rizeq, Balsam R. Al Thani, Asmaa A. Yassine, Hadi M. Nasrallah, Gheyath K. Pathogens Review Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped partial double-stranded DNA virus that can cause acute and chronic hepatitis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 257 million people are living with HBV. Moreover, 20,900 acute hepatitis B cases were reported in 2016. Hepatitis B is highly prevalent in the African, Western Pacific, Eastern Mediterranean, South-East Asia, and European regions, respectively. Due to the high mutational rate of HBV and lack of reverse transcriptase proofreading activity, ten different genotypes with different geographical distributions have been identified. HBV pathogenesis and severity of infection depend on several host and viral factors, particularly, the genetic variability of both the host and virus. Although HBV infection is a global health concern, there is a lack of adequate studies and reports in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Here, we provide a review on HBV epidemiology, pathogenesis, host–pathogen interactions, coinfection with selected viruses, and laboratory diagnosis, focusing on studies conducted in the MENA region to determine the current situation of the HBV infection and outline the future study areas. MDPI 2019-05-11 /pmc/articles/PMC6630671/ /pubmed/31083509 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020063 Text en © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Al-Sadeq, Duaa W.
Taleb, Sara A.
Zaied, Roan E.
Fahad, Sara M.
Smatti, Maria K.
Rizeq, Balsam R.
Al Thani, Asmaa A.
Yassine, Hadi M.
Nasrallah, Gheyath K.
Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title_full Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title_fullStr Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title_full_unstemmed Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title_short Hepatitis B Virus Molecular Epidemiology, Host-Virus Interaction, Coinfection, and Laboratory Diagnosis in the MENA Region: An Update
title_sort hepatitis b virus molecular epidemiology, host-virus interaction, coinfection, and laboratory diagnosis in the mena region: an update
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6630671/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31083509
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens8020063
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